ATI RN
Chapter 15 The Gastrointestinal System Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Infants' gastric juice contains
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because infants' gastric juice contains nuclease, pepsinogen, and lipase. Nuclease helps in breaking down nucleic acids, pepsinogen is the precursor of pepsin which digests proteins, and lipase digests fats. This combination of enzymes is essential for the digestion of various macromolecules in infants. Choice B is incorrect because maltase is an enzyme that breaks down maltose (a sugar), which is not typically found in gastric juice. Rennin is an enzyme that helps in digesting milk protein, which is more common in the stomach of newborn mammals, but not in human infants. Choice C is incorrect because amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates and is usually found in saliva, not gastric juice. Rennin and pepsinogen are not typically present in infants' gastric juice. Choice D is incorrect because while pepsinogen and rennin are enzymes found in gastric juice, lip
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative and at risk for paralytic ileus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take to promote peristalsis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase ambulation. Ambulation helps stimulate peristalsis by promoting movement in the gastrointestinal tract. This movement aids in preventing or alleviating paralytic ileus, a common postoperative complication. Increasing ambulation helps to increase muscle tone and activity in the intestines, promoting bowel motility. Summary of other choices: B: Decrease fluid intake - This is incorrect because adequate hydration is essential for promoting peristalsis and preventing constipation. C: Increase protein intake - Protein intake is important for wound healing and overall nutrition but does not directly impact peristalsis. D: Offer the client the bedpan every 2 hr - While providing opportunities for toileting is important, it does not directly promote peristalsis like ambulation does.
Question 3 of 5
While a female client is being prepared for discharge, the nasogastric (NG) feeding tube becomes clogged. To remedy this problem and teach the client's family how to deal with it at home, what should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Irrigate the tube with warm water. This is the correct action because irrigating the NG tube with warm water can help dislodge the clog and clear the obstruction. Here is a step-by-step rationale: 1. Gather necessary supplies: warm water, syringe, and towel. 2. Disconnect the tube from the feeding pump. 3. Draw up warm water into the syringe. 4. Gently insert the syringe into the tube and slowly push the warm water to flush out the clog. 5. Repeat the process as needed until the tube is clear. Other choices are incorrect: B: Advancing the tube into the intestine can be dangerous and should not be done without proper medical supervision. C: Applying intermittent suction may not effectively clear the clog and could potentially worsen the situation. D: Using a 30-ml syringe to withdraw the obstruction may not be as effective as irrigating with warm water.
Question 4 of 5
Organs that lie outside the abdominal cavity such as the duodenum, pancreas, urinary bladder and rectum are
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: retroperitoneal. Organs like the duodenum, pancreas, urinary bladder, and rectum are considered retroperitoneal because they lie behind the parietal peritoneum, which lines the abdominal cavity. They are not completely covered by visceral peritoneum (B) as they are not suspended in the abdominal cavity. They are not covered by parietal peritoneum (A) as this layer lines the abdominal wall. While these organs are covered with serous membranes (D), the defining characteristic is their location behind the peritoneum, making option C the most accurate choice.
Question 5 of 5
Mumps is inflammation of the ______ salivary gland caused by a virus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: parotid. Mumps is inflammation of the parotid salivary gland. The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland located near the ear. It is commonly affected by the mumps virus, causing swelling and pain. Rationale: 1. The parotid gland is the main salivary gland affected by the mumps virus. 2. The other choices, buccal, sublingual, and submandibular glands, are not typically associated with mumps. 3. Understanding the anatomical location and function of the salivary glands helps in identifying the correct answer.