ATI RN
Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Indomethacin is being given to an infant with a patent ductus arteriosus in an attempt to promote closure of the PDA. The nurse caring for this infant becomes concerned about adverse side effects when noticing:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, option A is the correct answer as it indicates adverse effects of indomethacin therapy in an infant with a patent ductus arteriosus. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can cause decreased urine output due to renal impairment, decreased platelets leading to increased bleeding risk, and abdominal distention as a sign of gastrointestinal issues. Option B is incorrect as increased blood pressure, tachycardia, and decreased oxygen requirements are not typically associated with adverse effects of indomethacin. Option C is also incorrect as increased urine output, increased white blood cell count, and increased reticulocyte count are not typical adverse effects of this medication. Option D is not related to the side effects of indomethacin in the context of treating a patent ductus arteriosus in an infant. Educationally, understanding the potential side effects of medications used in pediatric cardiovascular conditions is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care to infants with such conditions. Recognizing and managing adverse effects promptly can prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
Cristina, a mother of a 4-year-old child tells the nurse that her child is a very poor eater. What’s the nurse’s best recommendation for helping the mother increase her child’s nutritional intake?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Allow the child to feed herself. This recommendation aligns with the developmental stage of a 4-year-old child. At this age, children are often exploring their independence and autonomy, including feeding themselves. Allowing the child to feed herself promotes self-regulation and independence, which can positively impact her eating habits. Option B) Using specially designed dishes for children may be appealing but does not directly address the issue of poor eating habits. It focuses more on presentation rather than the child's actual eating behavior. Option C) Only serving the child's favorite foods may limit the child's exposure to a variety of nutrients essential for growth and development. It may reinforce picky eating habits and hinder the child's willingness to try new foods. Option D) Allowing the child to eat at a small table and chair by herself may also promote independence but does not specifically target the issue of poor eating habits. It is important to focus on strategies that directly address the nutritional intake of the child. In an educational context, understanding the developmental stages of children is crucial when providing recommendations related to nutrition. Encouraging independence in feeding can foster positive eating behaviors and help establish healthy eating habits early in life. It is essential for nurses to consider age-appropriate strategies to support children and their families in promoting optimal nutrition and growth.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is finishing her shift on the pediatric unit. Because her shift is ending, which intervention takes top priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Documenting the care provided during her shift. Documenting care is a critical nursing responsibility as it ensures continuity of care, legal protection, facilitates communication among healthcare team members, and helps in evaluating patient outcomes. By documenting accurately and thoroughly, the nurse contributes to the overall quality of care provided to the pediatric patients. Option A, changing linens on the clients' beds, while important for patient comfort and hygiene, is not the top priority when compared to ensuring that all care provided is documented. Option B, restocking bedside supplies, is also essential but can be done by the incoming shift or other support staff. Option D, emptying trash cans, is a task that can be delegated and does not directly impact patient care or safety. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of time management and prioritization in nursing practice. It emphasizes the significance of documentation as a legal and professional responsibility that cannot be overlooked or delayed. Nurses must prioritize tasks based on patient needs, safety, and the impact on care delivery when managing their workload at the end of a shift.
Question 4 of 5
A child is undergoing remission induction therapy to treat leukemia. Allopurinol is included in the regimen. The main reason for administering allopurinol as part of the client’s chemotherapy regimen is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid. In pediatric oncology, especially during leukemia treatment, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potential complication due to the rapid breakdown of cancer cells leading to the release of intracellular contents like purines. Allopurinol is administered to inhibit xanthine oxidase, preventing the conversion of xanthine to uric acid, thus reducing the risk of uric acid crystal formation and subsequent renal damage. Option B is incorrect because allopurinol is not directly involved in preventing uric acid from precipitating in the ureters but rather in inhibiting its formation. Option C is incorrect as allopurinol does not enhance uric acid production but rather inhibits its formation. Option D is incorrect as allopurinol's primary role in this scenario is related to preventing the metabolic breakdown of purines, not protecting the bone marrow from chemotherapy. Understanding the rationale behind using allopurinol in the context of TLS risk during leukemia treatment is crucial for pediatric nurses to provide safe and effective care to their patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Question 5 of 5
Nurse Kelly is teaching the parents of a young child how to handle poisoning. If the child ingests poison, what should the parents do first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Call the poison control center. When a child ingests poison, the immediate priority is to seek expert medical advice. The poison control center is staffed with professionals who can provide specific instructions tailored to the type of poison ingested, the amount, and the age/weight of the child. They can offer guidance on appropriate first aid measures, whether it is necessary to go to the emergency room, and what symptoms to watch out for. Option A) Administer ipecac syrup is no longer recommended in cases of poisoning as it can be harmful and may delay more effective treatments. Option B) Call an ambulance immediately may be necessary in severe cases, but calling the poison control center first can provide valuable guidance on the best course of action. Option D) Punishing the child is not only irrelevant but also counterproductive as it can delay seeking help and create unnecessary stress and fear for the child. In an educational context, it is crucial for parents and caregivers to be aware of the appropriate steps to take in case of poisoning. Teaching them to contact the poison control center first equips them with the necessary knowledge and resources to handle such emergencies effectively. This empowers parents to act quickly and confidently, potentially saving the child's life.