Indication for chest tube insertion?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, "Massive hemothorax." Chest tube insertion is indicated for draining blood or other fluids from the pleural space to restore normal lung function. Massive hemothorax refers to a significant accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, which can lead to respiratory compromise. Inserting a chest tube helps evacuate the blood, relieve pressure on the lungs, and prevent complications like tension pneumothorax. Choice A, "Pneumothorax," usually requires chest tube insertion for air drainage, not blood. Choice B, "Pneumomediastinum," typically does not require chest tube insertion but may need conservative management. Choice D, "Diaphragmatic rupture," may lead to hemothorax, but chest tube insertion would be indicated for the hemothorax itself, not the diaphragmatic rupture.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a cervical spine injury can present with delayed neurologic deficits after neck movement due to spinal cord compression. This highlights the importance of assessing neurologic function in addition to physical examination findings. Choices B and C are incorrect because normal range of motion and physical examination maneuvers may not rule out a cervical spine injury. Choice D is incorrect as a crosstable lateral x-ray may miss certain types of cervical spine injuries, making it insufficient to exclude them definitively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: DPL (Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage). DPL is the most specific test for evaluating injuries of solid abdominal organs due to its ability to detect even small amounts of intra-abdominal bleeding. It involves inserting a catheter into the peritoneal cavity to obtain fluid for analysis, providing direct evidence of internal bleeding. Abdominal x-ray and ultrasound are not as specific for detecting solid organ injuries. Frequent abdominal examination may help monitor the patient's condition but does not provide definitive diagnostic information like DPL.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D - "Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation" Rationale: Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation is crucial in any patient with potential multiple closed extremity fractures to address any immediate life-threatening issues like hypoxia or respiratory distress. Without proper oxygenation and ventilation, the patient's condition can deteriorate rapidly. It is the top priority in the ABCs of trauma care (Airway, Breathing, Circulation). Once the patient's respiratory status is stable, further assessment and management of limb perfusion, prevention of skin necrosis, and evaluation for compartment syndrome can be carried out. Summary of other choices: A: "A thorough assessment of four limb perfusion" - While limb perfusion assessment is important, ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation takes precedence due to its immediate life-saving implications. B: "Maneuvers to prevent necrosis of the skin" - Preventing skin necrosis is important, but addressing respiratory concerns is critical for the patient's overall

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Person-centered care focuses on respecting and honoring an individual's preferences and choices. Choice B is correct because it emphasizes promoting a resident's personal preferences and individual choices, aligning with the principles of person-centered care. Nursing staff deciding what a resident needs (Choice A) goes against the core concept of individual autonomy. Treating all residents the same way (Choice C) disregards the uniqueness of each individual. Ensuring all residents participate in the same activities (Choice D) does not consider their individual interests and preferences. In summary, the correct answer, Choice B, stands out as it reflects the essence of person-centered care by prioritizing individual needs and choices.