ATI RN
Introduction to Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Indicate the spot of the median effective dose on the frequency distribution curve.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Median effective dose (ED50) is where 50% of subjects respond, typically the curve's midpoint (marked ED50), per pharmacodynamic curves. Beginning lacks response. Ascending leg is below 50%. Descending leg is post-peak. ED50's position defines it, aligning with standard graphs.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is he at risk for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients who are immunocompromised due to organ transplant and subsequent immunosuppressive medications are at an increased risk of developing infections. The immunosuppressive medications weaken the immune system's ability to fight off pathogens, making the patient susceptible to various types of infections. Therefore, a patient who has received a kidney transplant is at risk for infections and should be monitored closely for any signs or symptoms of infection.
Question 3 of 5
If a patient is taking an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should monitor for signs of angioedema which include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Angioedema is a potentially serious side effect of ACE inhibitors. It involves swelling of the deeper layers of the skin and submucosal tissues and can affect areas such as the face, lips, tongue, throat, and extremities. One of the key signs of angioedema is difficulty breathing, or dyspnea. Other signs may include swelling, itching, and hives. It is crucial for nurses to monitor patients taking ACE inhibitors for any signs of angioedema as it can rapidly progress and lead to airway compromise and respiratory distress. Prompt recognition and intervention are essential to prevent any serious complications.
Question 4 of 5
When reviewing the mechanisms of action of diuretics, the nurse knows that which statement is true about loop diuretics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics, such as furosemide and bumetanide, work by inhibiting the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the thick ascending loop of Henle in the kidney. This mechanism of action leads to a significant diuretic effect. Loop diuretics have a rapid onset of action, typically within 30 minutes of administration, and they cause rapid diuresis. This rapid onset and potent diuretic effect make loop diuretics effective in situations requiring rapid removal of excess fluid, such as heart failure exacerbation or acute pulmonary edema.
Question 5 of 5
A 20-year-old woman who is 15 weeks pregnant is admitted feverish and dehydrated with acute severe asthma associated with a community-acquired pneumonia. She has a history of angioedema following a cephalosporin. Which of the following is not appropriate therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute asthma and pneumonia in pregnancy require urgent care. IV crystalloids rehydrate, safe and necessary. High FiO2 (40%) supports oxygenation in asthma/pneumonia, appropriate. Nebulized salbutamol, a beta-agonist, relieves bronchospasm, standard and safe. IV hydrocortisone reduces inflammation, suitable. IV gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, treats pneumonia but is inappropriate due to cephalosporin cross-reactivity risk (angioedema history) and fetal ototoxicity concerns, making it unsafe here. Alternative antibiotics (e.g., macrolides) are preferred, prioritizing maternal and fetal safety.