Indicate the “specific” modality of treatment for severe methanol poisoning:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because severe methanol poisoning requires a multi-modal approach. Dialysis enhances methanol removal. Alkalinization helps counteract metabolic acidosis. Suppressing metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase prevents the formation of toxic products. Therefore, all options (A, B, and C) are necessary for effective treatment of severe methanol poisoning. Other choices are incorrect as they do not address the multiple facets of methanol toxicity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C (Bemegride) is correct: 1. Bemegride is a respiratory analeptic that stimulates the respiratory center in the brain. 2. It acts as a central nervous system stimulant, specifically targeting the respiratory system. 3. Bemegride is used to treat respiratory depression caused by drug overdose or anesthesia. 4. It helps increase respiratory rate and tidal volume by stimulating the brainstem. 5. Therefore, Bemegride is the correct choice as a respiratory analeptic. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Piracetam is a nootropic drug that enhances cognitive function, not a respiratory analeptic. B: Sydnocarb is a psychostimulant used for attention deficit disorders, not a respiratory analeptic. D: Pantocrin is a medication derived from deer antlers used for various health benefits, not a respiratory analeptic.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (C): 1. Buspirone is a serotonin receptor agonist and does not directly interact with the GABAergic system. 2. Buspirone is not associated with marked hypnotic, anticonvulsant, or muscle relaxant properties. 3. Studies show that buspirone causes less psychomotor impairment and does not affect driving skills. 4. Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately contrasts buspirone from benzodiazepines. Summary of incorrect choices: A. Benzodiazepines interact with the GABAergic system, not buspirone. B. Benzodiazepines have hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties, not buspirone. D. Buspirone has minimal abuse liability compared to benzodiazepines, which have high abuse potential.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Desflurane is the correct answer because it causes sympathetic activation by stimulating the central nervous system, leading to increased blood pressure and heart rate. Desflurane has a high potency in activating sympathetic responses compared to the other options. Sevoflurane and isoflurane have minimal impact on sympathetic activation. Nitrous oxide primarily acts as a weak anesthetic and does not cause significant sympathetic stimulation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Cimetidine is a known inhibitor of hepatic drug metabolism, specifically through inhibition of CYP enzymes. This leads to increased levels of certain drugs in the body. Choice A is incorrect because cimetidine does have an effect on hepatic drug metabolism. Choice C is also incorrect as it implies that all statements are true, which is not the case. Choice D is incorrect as well, as the statement is indeed false.