Indicate the organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Edrophonium is the correct answer as it is an organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It is water-soluble and can be prepared in an aqueous solution for ophthalmic use. Physoctigmine is not an organophosphate, and Echothiophate is not water-soluble and requires reconstitution before use.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Terbutaline is a beta2-selective agonist because it primarily targets beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lungs, leading to bronchodilation. Xylometazoline is an alpha-adrenergic agonist, Isoproterenol is a non-selective beta agonist, and Dobutamine primarily targets beta1-adrenergic receptors. Therefore, Terbutaline is the correct choice for beta2-selective agonist based on its pharmacological action.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the statement that the ALFA1a subtype mediates both vascular and prostate smooth muscle contraction is incorrect. The ALFA1a subtype primarily mediates prostate smooth muscle contraction, while the ALFA1b subtype is responsible for vascular smooth muscle contraction. This is a key distinction in understanding the roles of different subtypes of alfa1 receptors. Choices A, B, and C are all correct statements as there are indeed at least three subtypes of alfa1 receptors (alfa1a, alfa1b, and alfa1d), ALFA1a subtype does mediate prostate smooth muscle contraction, and ALFA1b subtype does mediate vascular smooth muscle contraction, respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that reverses the effects of benzodiazepines like zolpidem, making choice C correct. Flumazenil does not block the actions of phenobarbital (choice A) or morphine (choice B) as they act on different receptors. Ethanol (choice D) is not affected by flumazenil. In summary, flumazenil specifically antagonizes benzodiazepines like zolpidem, making other choices incorrect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gastrointestinal reactions, such as anorexia, pain, nausea, and vomiting. Ethosuximide is primarily used to treat absence seizures. Its common side effects include gastrointestinal reactions due to its irritant effect on the gastric mucosa. Anorexia, pain, nausea, and vomiting are commonly reported adverse effects. Exacerbated grand mal epilepsy (choice B) is not a known adverse effect of ethosuximide. Transient lethargy or fatigue (choice C) is a common side effect, but it is not dose-related. Therefore, the correct answer is A, as it accurately reflects the dose-related adverse effect of ethosuximide, while the other choices do not.