ATI RN
Pharmacology of Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Indicate the neuromuscular blocker, which causes tachycardia:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (Pancuronium). Pancuronium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker that can cause tachycardia by blocking muscarinic receptors leading to the inhibition of the parasympathetic system. This results in the dominance of the sympathetic system, leading to tachycardia. Tubocurarine (A) and Atracurium (B) are also non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, but they do not directly cause tachycardia. Succinylcholine (D) is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker that can cause bradycardia due to its effects on acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following beta receptor antagonists is preferable in patients with asthma diabetes or peripheral vascular diseases?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Metoprolol. Metoprolol is a cardioselective beta blocker, meaning it primarily targets beta-1 receptors in the heart and has minimal effect on beta-2 receptors in the lungs. This makes it preferable in patients with asthma as it reduces the risk of bronchoconstriction compared to non-selective beta blockers like Propranolol (choice A). Metoprolol also has a lower risk of masking hypoglycemic symptoms in diabetic patients compared to non-selective agents. Nadolol (choice C) and Timolol (choice D) are non-selective beta blockers and may worsen asthma and peripheral vascular diseases due to their effects on beta-2 receptors.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following hypnotic benzodiazepines is more likely to cause “hangover” effects such as drowsiness dysphoria and mental or motor depression the following day?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
Indicate an antiseizure drug that is a sodium channel blocker and is used as an adjunctive therapy for partial and generalized seizures:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Lacosamide is a sodium channel blocker, working by enhancing slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels. 2. It is used as an adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures in adults. 3. Lacosamide is also approved for the treatment of generalized seizures in certain patients. 4. Carbamazepine (A) is a sodium channel blocker but is primarily used for focal seizures. 5. Ethosuximide (C) is a T-type calcium channel blocker used for absence seizures. 6. Lamotrigine (D) is a sodium channel blocker but is mainly used for focal and generalized seizures, not as an adjunctive therapy.
Question 5 of 5
Tick narcotic analgesic which is a phenylpiperidine derivative:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fentanyl. Fentanyl is a phenylpiperidine derivative due to its specific chemical structure containing a piperidine ring attached to a phenyl group. Codeine (A) is an opioid, but not a phenylpiperidine derivative. Dezocine (B) is a benzomorphan derivative. Buprenorphine (D) is a thebaine derivative. Fentanyl stands out as the only option that fits the phenylpiperidine derivative category.