Indicate the local anesthetic, which is an ester of paraaminobenzoic acid:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: 1. Procaine is an ester-type local anesthetic derived from paraaminobenzoic acid. 2. Esters of paraaminobenzoic acid have the suffix "-caine" in their generic names. 3. Mepivacaine, lidocaine, and cocaine are all amide-type local anesthetics. 4. Cocaine is derived from the coca plant and not from paraaminobenzoic acid.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because atropine poisoning typically causes tachycardia due to its anticholinergic effects. Mydriasis, cycloplegia (A), hyperthermia, dry mouth, hot and flushed skin (B), and agitation, delirium (C) are common symptoms of atropine poisoning. Bradycardia and orthostatic hypotension (D) are not typically associated with atropine poisoning due to its anticholinergic effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stimulation of insulin secretion. Alpha-receptor stimulation leads to vasoconstriction, contraction of smooth muscles in the bladder base, uterus, and prostate, as well as platelet aggregation. Insulin secretion is primarily regulated by beta cells in the pancreas, which are influenced by glucose levels, not alpha-receptor stimulation. Therefore, the effects listed in options A, B, and D are all consistent with alpha-receptor stimulation, while option C is not.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bronchospasm. Alpha-receptor antagonists typically do not cause bronchospasm as they primarily act on alpha-adrenergic receptors involved in vasoconstriction. A is correct as alpha-blockers reduce peripheral resistance and blood pressure. B is correct as they can reverse the pressor response of epinephrine. D is correct as they can lead to postural hypotension and reflex tachycardia due to vasodilation. In summary, bronchospasm is not a characteristic of alpha-receptor antagonists, making choice C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Hypnotic benzodiazepines are not enzyme inducers, unlike barbiturates. Benzodiazepines act on GABA receptors, enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission, while barbiturates directly activate GABA receptors. Therefore, benzodiazepines do not induce enzymes involved in drug metabolism, making them less potent enzyme inducers compared to barbiturates. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hypnotic benzodiazepines do not induce enzymes like barbiturates do.