Indicate the inhaled anesthetic,which should be avoided in patients with a history of seizure disorders:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Enflurane. Enflurane can lower the seizure threshold, making it risky for patients with a history of seizure disorders. Nitrous oxide (B), Sevoflurane (C), and Desflurane (D) are considered safer options and do not have as significant an effect on seizure threshold. Therefore, Enflurane should be avoided in patients with a history of seizure disorders to prevent potential complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Streptokinase. Streptokinase is a fibrinolytic drug that helps break down blood clots by activating plasminogen. This process helps improve blood flow in conditions like myocardial infarction or stroke. Ticlopidine (A) is an antiplatelet drug, Aspirin (C) is also an antiplatelet agent, and Warfarin (D) is an anticoagulant. These drugs work differently from fibrinolytics and do not directly dissolve blood clots like Streptokinase does.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (Nifedipine) because it is a calcium channel blocker that primarily acts on vascular smooth muscle, leading to vasodilation without significant effects on heart rate (chronotropy) or conduction velocity (dromotropy). Diltiazem and Verapamil, choices B and C, are also calcium channel blockers but have more pronounced negative chronotropic and dromotropic effects due to their additional actions on the heart. Choice D is incorrect because Nifedipine specifically has minimal direct effects on chronotropy and dromotropy compared to Diltiazem and Verapamil.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker, not a dopamine receptor antagonist. Nifedipine works by blocking calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle, causing vasodilation. Hydralazine can cause reflex tachycardia due to its potent vasodilatory effects. Nitroprusside dilates both arterioles and veins, leading to decreased afterload and preload. Minoxidil is a potent arteriolar vasodilator used to treat hypertension but can cause hypertrichosis as a side effect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Insulin-like growth factors (IGF somatomedins). Growth hormone stimulates the liver to produce IGF, which is the main mediator of GH effects on growth. IGF acts on various tissues to promote growth and development. Glucocorticoids (A) are not direct targets of GH. Triiodothyronine (C) and testosterone (D) have roles in growth but are not primary targets of GH action.