Indicate the group of drugs influencing the cerebral flow:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because all the listed drug groups influence cerebral blood flow. Ca-channel blockers dilate blood vessels, enhancing cerebral perfusion. GABA derivatives can modulate blood flow by affecting neurotransmission. Vinca minor derivatives like vincamine can improve cerebral circulation. Therefore, all choices have a direct impact on cerebral flow, making D the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infiltration of leucocytes and phagocytic cells (phase of exudation). During the delayed, subacute phase of inflammation, infiltrating leukocytes, such as neutrophils and macrophages, play a crucial role in removing debris and pathogens. This phase is characterized by the migration of these cells to the site of injury, where they engulf and digest foreign substances. This process helps to clear the area of infection and promote tissue repair. Other choices are incorrect: A: Local vasodilatation and increased capillary permeability (phase of damage) - This describes the initial phase of inflammation, not the delayed subacute phase. C: Tissue degeneration and fibrosis occurrence (phase of proliferation) - This describes the later stages of inflammation involving tissue repair and remodeling, not the delayed subacute phase. D: All of the above - This is incorrect as choices A and C do not accurately describe the delayed, subacute

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Granules in mast cells or basophils. Mast cells and basophils are well-known for storing histamine in their granules. Upon stimulation, these cells release histamine into the surrounding tissues. Histaminergic neurons (choice B) primarily release histamine in the brain and are not the main reservoir of tissue histamine. Enterochromaffin-like cells (choice C) are found in the stomach and release histamine into the bloodstream, not sequestering it in tissues. Therefore, the correct choice is A as most tissue histamine is indeed sequestered and bound in granules in mast cells or basophils.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vitamin B1. This is a water-soluble vitamin, also known as thiamine. Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water and are not stored in the body, so they need to be consumed regularly. Vitamin A (choice A), Vitamin E (choice B), and Vitamin D (choice C) are fat-soluble vitamins, meaning they are stored in the body's fat tissues and liver, not excreted in urine like water-soluble vitamins. Therefore, they are not water-soluble vitamins. Vitamin B1 (choice D) is crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function, making it a water-soluble vitamin that needs to be replenished regularly through diet.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. This is because all three statements A, B, and C are true regarding nutritional supplements. A: Nutritional supplements are intended to supplement the diet and contain dietary ingredients like vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, etc. B: Nutritional supplements are regulated as foods by the FDA, not drugs. C: Nutritional supplements do not require pre-approval for safety and efficacy, unlike drugs. Therefore, all of the statements are true, making option D the correct answer.