ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Drugs Classification Questions
Question 1 of 5
Indicate the antimuscarinic drug, which is used as a mydriatic:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is C: Homatropine. Homatropine is an antimuscarinic drug that works by blocking muscarinic receptors in the eye, causing dilation of the pupil (mydriasis). This effect is useful in ophthalmology for procedures requiring dilation of the pupil for examination or surgery. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: Pilocarpine is a muscarinic agonist that constricts the pupil. B: Neostigmine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to increase muscle contractions. D: Ipratropium is an anticholinergic drug primarily used for bronchodilation in conditions like asthma and COPD. In summary, Homatropine is the correct choice as it is the antimuscarinic drug used for mydriasis, while the other options have different mechanisms of action and purposes.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following agents is a beta2–selective antagonist?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Butoxamine. Butoxamine is a beta2-selective antagonist due to its high affinity for beta2-adreagent receptors over beta1 receptors. This selectivity allows it to block the effects of beta2 activation specifically. Tolazoline (A) is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist, Pindolol (B) is a non-selective beta-blocker, and Ergotamine (C) is a serotonin receptor agonist. Therefore, they are not beta2-selective antagonists.
Question 3 of 5
Indicate the barbituric acid derivative which has 4-5 days elimination half-life:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Phenobarbital. Phenobarbital has a longer elimination half-life of 4-5 days due to its extensive hepatic metabolism and slow excretion. Secobarbital (A) has a shorter half-life around 15 hours. Thiopental (B) has a very short half-life of 5-10 hours. Amobarbital (D) has a half-life of around 10-25 hours, making it shorter than phenobarbital. Therefore, based on the pharmacokinetics of these drugs, phenobarbital is the most likely choice with a 4-5 days elimination half-life.
Question 4 of 5
The antiseizure drug, which induces hepatic microsomal enzymes, is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements is correct for levodopa?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer D: Levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease has well-documented characteristics. A: Tolerance can develop to both beneficial effects (reduced over time) and adverse effects (increased over time). B: Levodopa is most effective in the initial years of treatment due to progressive loss of response. C: After 5 years, patients may experience dose-related dyskinesias, inadequate response, or toxicity due to disease progression and medication adjustments. Therefore, all statements are accurate and reflect the complexities of long-term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease.