Indicate an antimuscarinic drug, which is effective in the treatment of mushroom poising:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Atropine is an antimuscarinic drug that blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. 2. In mushroom poisoning, toxins can lead to excessive stimulation of muscarinic receptors. 3. Atropine counteracts this effect by blocking the receptors, reducing symptoms like excessive salivation, sweating, and bradycardia. 4. Pralidoxime is used for organophosphate poisoning, not mushroom poisoning. 5. Pilocarpine and homatropine are muscarinic agonists, which would worsen symptoms of mushroom poisoning by further stimulating muscarinic receptors.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Reserpine, as it inhibits the storage of norepinephrine and other neurotransmitters in vesicles, indirectly blocking adrenoreceptor activation. Tolazoline (A) is a vasodilator, Carvedilol (C) is a non-selective beta-blocker with alpha-blocking activity, and Prazosin (D) is a selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist. Reserpine is the only indirect-acting adrenoreceptor blocking drug among the choices provided.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Phenobarbital is the correct answer because it is a known inducer of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme systems, such as cytochrome P450 enzymes. This increase in enzyme activity can lead to faster metabolism and clearance of drugs, resulting in potential drug interactions. Zolpidem, Flurazepam, and Zaleplon are not known to significantly increase the activity of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, making them incorrect choices.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Carbamazepine is the correct answer because it is a first-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia due to its mechanism of action in inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels. This helps reduce neuronal firing and alleviate nerve pain. Primidone and Lamotrigine are not typically used for trigeminal neuralgia. Topiramate may have some efficacy, but it is not as effective as Carbamazepine, which is the drug of choice for treating this condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pyridoxine. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) accelerates the metabolism of levodopa outside the brain, reducing its effectiveness. This leads to decreased levodopa levels in the brain, diminishing its beneficial effects in treating Parkinson's disease. Thiamine (B1), Tocopherol (E), and Riboflavin (B2) do not have this effect on levodopa metabolism.