ATI RN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Increased functional demand on the heart produces increased size of the myocardium by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic demand (e.g., hypertension) causes myocardial hypertrophy (B), increasing cell size. Hyperplasia (A) is rare in adult heart, C and D are pathological.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the muscular ridges that are found on the anterior wall of the right atrium and extend into the auricles.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pectinate muscles (A) are ridges in the right atrium and auricles. Trabeculae carneae (B) are in ventricles, coronary sulci (C) are grooves, and papillary muscles (D) anchor valves.
Question 3 of 5
Stimulation of which nerve reduces heart rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The vagus nerve (D) (parasympathetic) slows heart rate via acetylcholine. Cardiac accelerator (A) (sympathetic) increases it, hypoglossal (B) and spinal accessory (C) are unrelated.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following factors increases heart rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anxiety and fear (C) increase heart rate via sympathetic activation. Pain (A) and cold (B) may slow it via vagal reflexes, grief (D) varies.
Question 5 of 5
The lower, pumping chambers of the heart
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ventricles (B) are the lower, pumping chambers. Atria (A) receive, auricles (C) extend atria, coronary sinuses (D) are veins.