ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Increase serum iron:-decrease IBC a feature of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: sideroblastic anemia. In sideroblastic anemia, there is impaired heme synthesis leading to the accumulation of iron in the mitochondria of red blood cell precursors. This results in increased serum iron levels due to the release of iron from the mitochondria. Decreased Iron Binding Capacity (IBC) occurs as a compensatory mechanism due to the increased serum iron levels. Choice A, hookworm infestation, would typically result in iron deficiency anemia with decreased serum iron levels and normal to increased IBC. Choice C, alcoholic liver disease, is associated with decreased serum iron levels and normal to increased IBC due to impaired iron metabolism. Choice D, thalassemia major, presents with normal to decreased serum iron levels and normal to increased IBC due to ineffective erythropoiesis.
Question 2 of 5
An oncology nurse is providing health education for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with leukemia. What should the nurse explain about commonalities between all of the different subtypes of leukemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because all subtypes of leukemia involve unregulated proliferation of white blood cells (WBC). Leukemia is a type of cancer that starts in the blood-forming tissues, leading to the production of abnormal WBCs in the bone marrow. This uncontrolled growth of WBCs interferes with the production of normal blood cells. Choice B is incorrect because leukemia does not involve unregulated proliferation of red blood cells, but rather white blood cells. It also does not necessarily result in decreased bone marrow function as stated in the choice. Choice C is incorrect because while some subtypes of leukemia may result in a decrease in the production of normal white blood cells, the primary issue is the unregulated proliferation of abnormal WBCs. Choice D is incorrect because leukemia is not specifically related to cancer development in the lymphatic system. Leukemia primarily affects the bone marrow and blood.
Question 3 of 5
A 77-year-old male is admitted to a unit with a suspected diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). When planning this patient's care, the nurse should be aware of what epidemiologic fact?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Five-year survival for patients over 75 years old is less than 2%. This is because older age is a significant risk factor for poorer outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) due to factors such as frailty, comorbidities, and reduced tolerance to aggressive treatments. Older adults are less likely to tolerate intensive chemotherapy and have lower overall survival rates compared to younger patients. Choice A is incorrect because early diagnosis alone does not guarantee good outcomes in AML, especially in older adults. Choice B is incorrect because the five-year survival rate for older adults with AML is much lower than 50%. Choice D is incorrect because while pre-illness health may influence survival rates, age is a more significant factor in predicting outcomes in older patients with AML.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma at the oncology clinic. The nurse should be aware of what main goal of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cure of the disease. In Hodgkin lymphoma, the main goal of care is to achieve a cure whenever possible. This is because Hodgkin lymphoma is a potentially curable cancer with appropriate treatment. Curative intent focuses on eradicating the cancer completely, leading to long-term remission or cure. Enhancing quality of life (B) is important but not the main goal in Hodgkin lymphoma as the primary aim is to eliminate the disease. Controlling symptoms (C) is important for comfort but not the main goal in curable cases. Palliation (D) is more relevant in advanced or incurable cases, not the main goal in Hodgkin lymphoma.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with leukemia. The nurse's most recent assessment reveals the presence of ecchymoses on the patient's sacral area and petechiae in her forearms. In addition to informing the patient's primary care provider, the nurse should perform what action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer B is correct: 1. Petechiae and ecchymoses indicate potential thrombocytopenia in a leukemia patient. 2. Checking the patient's platelet level will confirm thrombocytopenia and guide treatment. 3. Low platelet levels can lead to bleeding complications, hence the importance of monitoring. 4. Prompt intervention based on platelet level results can prevent worsening complications. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Initiating measures to prevent VTE is not directly related to the patient's current presentation of ecchymoses and petechiae. C: Placing the patient on protective isolation is not indicated for thrombocytopenia. D: Ambulating the patient may be beneficial for circulation but does not address the underlying issue of potential thrombocytopenia.