In which structure do sperm mature after they are produced?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The epididymis is the correct answer because it is the coiled tube where sperm mature and gain motility after being produced in the testes. This maturation process is essential for sperm to become capable of fertilizing an egg. The epididymis also stores sperm until they are ejaculated during sexual activity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Positive Rinner & Weber test is the correct answer because these tests are used to assess hearing and are not related to cerebellar function. The cerebellum is involved in coordination and balance, so tests like Romberg's, finger-to-nose, and heel-to-knee are used to evaluate cerebellar integrity, while Rinner and Weber tests are auditory assessments.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Brown-Sequard syndrome is the correct answer because it is characterized by ipsilateral motor paralysis and loss of proprioception, and contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation. This syndrome results from damage to one side of the spinal cord, typically due to trauma or tumors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Bulbar palsy is the correct answer because it results from damage to the lower motor neurons of the cranial nerves IX, X, and XII, which are located in the medulla oblongata. This condition leads to dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria, and tongue atrophy due to the loss of motor control in the muscles of the pharynx, larynx, and tongue.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Intracranial pressure (ICP) can be reduced by intravenous mannitol (an osmotic diuretic), placing the patient in a head-up position (to improve venous drainage), and hyperventilation (which reduces CO2 levels and causes cerebral vasoconstriction). All these methods are clinically used to manage elevated ICP.