ATI RN
Epidemiology Test Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
In which stage of disease progression would the nurse classify a client who has elevated blood pressure but no symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Subclinical stage. In this stage, the client has elevated blood pressure but no symptoms are present. This stage is characterized by the presence of the disease without noticeable symptoms. It is important for the nurse to identify and monitor clients in the subclinical stage to prevent progression to more severe stages. Choice A: Susceptibility stage refers to the stage where the client is at risk of developing the disease but has not yet been affected. Elevated blood pressure without symptoms indicates that the disease has already manifested, ruling out the susceptibility stage. Choice C: Clinical stage would involve the presence of symptoms, which is not the case with the client in question. Therefore, this choice is incorrect. Choice D: Carrier stage typically refers to individuals who harbor a pathogen without showing symptoms themselves, which is not applicable to a client with elevated blood pressure. Hence, this choice is incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
Which manifestation would the nurse include when teaching about mild to moderate food poisoning at a community health fair?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dehydration. In mild to moderate food poisoning, dehydration is a common manifestation due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Dehydration can lead to complications and requires prompt medical attention. Bloody diarrhea (A) is more indicative of severe cases or specific types of food poisoning. Diarrhea lasting more than 3 days (B) may indicate a more serious infection or underlying condition. Fever less than 102°F (D) is a common symptom, but dehydration is a more critical manifestation that requires immediate focus. Therefore, C is the most appropriate choice to emphasize during community education on mild to moderate food poisoning.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements describes how nursing in the community is more challenging than nursing in an acute care setting?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because controlling the environment in the community is more challenging compared to an acute care setting. In the community, nurses face various environmental factors such as social determinants of health, limited resources, and diverse cultural backgrounds, making it harder to maintain a controlled and predictable environment for patient care. This can impact the delivery of care and outcomes. A: Limited access to information is not specific to community nursing and can also be a challenge in acute care settings. B: More paperwork and forms may be burdensome but do not inherently make community nursing more challenging than acute care. C: This choice is incomplete and does not provide a clear rationale for community nursing being more challenging.
Question 4 of 5
The nursing staff has attempted to screen the entire African American population in the community for diabetes. Which of the following would provide immediate verification of the success of the nursing staff’s efforts?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This is because a decrease in prevalence would indicate successful screening efforts. Incidence is the rate of new cases, not a measure of screening success. An epidemic or increase in diabetes cases would not verify success, as it could indicate poor screening or higher awareness.
Question 5 of 5
A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes the attack rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The attack rate is calculated by dividing the number of people who developed symptoms by the total number of people at risk. In this case, 63 out of 70 people developed symptoms, giving an attack rate of 90% (63/70 x 100%). This choice best describes the proportion of individuals who were affected. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: 63% is the proportion of people who developed symptoms out of the total number of people who ate the potato salad, not the total at-risk population. B: 70% is the proportion of people who ate the potato salad out of the total at-risk population, not the attack rate. D: 100% would imply that every single person who ate the potato salad developed symptoms, which is not the case based on the information provided.