ATI RN
Questions Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
In which part of the body Mycobacterium tuberculosis affects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs, causing tuberculosis. However, it can also spread to other parts of the body, such as the skin, leading to cutaneous tuberculosis, and the meninges, causing tuberculous meningitis. It can also affect the intestines, causing gastrointestinal tuberculosis. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as Mycobacterium tuberculosis can impact multiple parts of the body. Choice A (Lungs) is correct but does not encompass all the affected areas. Choices B (Skin and Meninges) and C (Intestine) are incorrect as they do not cover all the possible sites of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a lower respiratory tract infection. When planning a focused respiratory assessment, the nurse should know that this type of infection most often causes what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Lower respiratory tract infection affects the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Step 2: Infections can lead to inflammation and fluid buildup in the lungs. Step 3: This impairs the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Step 4: Impaired gas exchange can lead to hypoxemia and respiratory distress. Step 5: Therefore, the correct answer is A: Impaired gas exchange. Other choices are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the physiological consequences of a lower respiratory tract infection.
Question 3 of 5
Which respiratory division includes the larynx and respiratory structures distal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, lower respiratory tract. The larynx and structures distal to it, such as the trachea, bronchi, and lungs, are part of the lower respiratory tract. The upper respiratory tract (choice A) includes the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Internal respiratory tract (choice C) is not a commonly used term in respiratory anatomy. Alveoli of the respiratory tract (choice D) specifically refer to the air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs, not the entire respiratory division that includes the larynx and structures distal to it.
Question 4 of 5
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the interstitial space of peripheral tissues is approximately
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (45 mm Hg) because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the interstitial space of peripheral tissues is around 40-45 mm Hg. This value is higher than in the arterial blood (around 40 mm Hg) due to the production of CO2 by tissues. Choice A (35 mm Hg) is too low for interstitial CO2 levels. Choice C (55 mm Hg) and D (70 mm Hg) are too high and not consistent with normal physiological values. Overall, the correct answer aligns with the typical range of interstitial CO2 pressure in peripheral tissues.
Question 5 of 5
If PO2 increases
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Increased PO2 leads to higher oxygen levels in blood. Step 2: Higher PO2 causes hemoglobin to become fully saturated with oxygen. Step 3: Fully saturated hemoglobin stores more oxygen. Step 4: Therefore, as PO2 increases, saturation goes up and hemoglobin stores more oxygen. Other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the relationship between PO2, hemoglobin saturation, and oxygen storage in the blood.