ATI RN
Care of Vulnerable Populations Questions
Question 1 of 5
In which of the following activities is the nurse acting in the role of a nurse epidemiologist?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases. A nurse acting as a nurse epidemiologist focuses on studying and analyzing patterns of disease occurrence in populations. By evaluating the number of clients with similar diseases, the nurse can identify potential outbreaks, trends, and risk factors. This role involves data collection, analysis, and interpretation to prevent and control diseases at a population level. A: Eliciting the health history focuses on individual clients, not population-level data analysis. C: Performing a physical examination is part of direct patient care and not epidemiological analysis. D: Providing treatment and health education is important but does not involve the systematic study of disease patterns in populations.
Question 2 of 5
This year 600 of 8000 young women ages 17 to 20 years at a university health center tested positive for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). What does this finding represent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prevalence. Prevalence refers to the proportion of a specific population that has a particular condition at a specific point in time. In this case, the finding of 600 out of 8000 young women testing positive for an STI represents the prevalence of STIs among women aged 17 to 20 at the university health center. Rationale: 1. Epidemic (A) is incorrect because the term refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease in a specific population, which is not indicated in the question. 2. Incidence (B) is incorrect because it refers to the rate of new cases of a disease within a specified time period, not the total number of existing cases at a particular point in time. 3. Risk (D) is incorrect because it refers to the probability of an individual developing a specific condition, not the proportion of the population that currently has the condition.
Question 3 of 5
In a particular community, high school students were starting to be diagnosed with diabetes during annual high school health fairs. Over the next few years, a nursing staff worked very hard to establish and maintain educational programs on diabetes risk factors and proper nutrition. How will the nurses know if they are having any impact?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The prevalence of diabetes is slowly decreasing during screening events. This is the most appropriate measure to assess the impact of the nursing staff's educational programs. Prevalence refers to the total number of individuals with a disease in a population at a specific time. By tracking the prevalence of diabetes during screening events over time, the nurses can determine if their efforts are effective in reducing the number of students diagnosed with diabetes. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: The epidemic of diabetes in the high school is gradually ending - This choice is too broad and doesn't provide a specific measure of impact. Ending an epidemic would require more than just the efforts of the nursing staff. B: The incidence of diabetes is slowly decreasing during screening events - Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease within a specific time period. While this is important, it does not capture the overall impact of the educational programs on the existing diabetic cases in the community.
Question 4 of 5
What statistic do countries use to compare the success of their health care systems?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infant mortality rate. This statistic is used to compare the success of health care systems as it reflects the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. A lower infant mortality rate indicates better healthcare access and quality. A: Attack rate is used to measure the frequency of new cases of a disease in a population during a specific time period and is not specific to healthcare system comparison. C: Cause-specific morbidity rate focuses on the prevalence of specific diseases and does not provide a comprehensive measure of healthcare system success. D: Cause-specific mortality rate looks at the number of deaths from a specific cause and is not a holistic indicator of overall healthcare system performance.
Question 5 of 5
A school nurse wants to decrease the incidence of obesity in elementary school children. What secondary prevention could the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because weighing students can help identify those who are overweight, allowing for early intervention and support. This secondary prevention strategy enables the nurse to target at-risk children and provide tailored interventions. Option A focuses on primary prevention by promoting healthy habits generally. Option B is a health promotion activity rather than secondary prevention. Option D is not recommended as it involves putting students on a diet without considering individual circumstances, which can be harmful.