ATI RN
Nursing Care of Vulnerable Populations Questions
Question 1 of 5
In what way could Florence Nightingale be considered an epidemiologist?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Florence Nightingale is considered an epidemiologist for demonstrating that a safer environment leads to a decreased mortality rate. She implemented sanitary practices in hospitals, which significantly reduced the spread of infections and improved patient outcomes. This is a fundamental principle of epidemiology - that environmental factors impact health outcomes. The other choices are incorrect because they do not directly relate to epidemiology. Choice A focuses on nursing care, choice C on improving living conditions, and choice D on providing emotional support, which are all important aspects of healthcare but not specifically related to epidemiology.
Question 2 of 5
The nursing staff has worked very hard this year in trying to screen essentially the entire African- American population in the community for diabetes. How can the success of the nursing staff's efforts be immediately verified?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The prevalence of diabetes will decrease in the community. This is because successful screening efforts will lead to early detection and treatment of diabetes, ultimately reducing the overall prevalence of the disease in the community. A and B are incorrect because they suggest negative outcomes (epidemic and increase in incidence) which would indicate failure of the screening efforts. D is incorrect because an increase in risk for diabetes would not be a direct measure of the nursing staff's success in screening the population.
Question 3 of 5
A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. What is the attack rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The attack rate is the proportion of people who became ill after exposure to a specific food item. In this case, the attack rate is calculated by dividing the number of people who developed symptoms (63) by the total number of people who ate the potato salad (70), then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage. Therefore, the correct answer is A (63%). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the attack rate calculated from the given data. Choice B (70%) is the total number of people who ate the potato salad, not the proportion who got sick. Choices C (90%) and D (100%) are higher than the total number of people who ate the salad, making them invalid attack rate percentages.
Question 4 of 5
Which model would be helpful to the nurse in examining all the various factors that can lead to disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epidemiologic triangle. This model helps the nurse examine the interplay between the host, agent, and environment in disease causation. The host represents the individual, the agent is the factor causing the disease, and the environment includes external factors. By using this model, the nurse can assess all contributing factors comprehensively. - B: Health promotion focuses on promoting health rather than disease causation. - C: Levels of prevention refers to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, not the examination of disease factors. - D: Natural history of disease explains the progression of a disease, but does not consider all factors leading to disease causation.
Question 5 of 5
What kind of prevention is a nurse implementing when advising a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. By advising the client to consume three servings of milk or dairy products daily, the nurse is aiming to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis in the first place. This falls under primary prevention, which focuses on preventing the disease before it occurs. The other choices are not correct because secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment to prevent the disease from progressing further, tertiary prevention focuses on managing the disease to prevent complications, and treatment without preventive measures does not fall under any prevention category.