ATI RN
Urinary System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In Type I Renal Tubular Acidosis, which is the correct statement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type I RTA (distal) features profound hypocitraturia low citrate from acidosis promotes calcium stone formation, key factor. Calcium phosphate, not oxalate, dominates due to high urine pH wrong composition. Findings show hypokalemia and hyperchloremia, not hyperkalemia/hypochloremia electrolyte error. Proximal HCO₃ defect is Type II, not I distal H secretion fails. Hypocitraturia's role distinguishes Type I stone risk, critical for its pathophysiology, unlike stone type, labs, or segment errors.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT regarding Lumbo dorsal fascia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Posterior lamella of lumbodorsal fascia covers, not separates, erector spinae from quadratus lumborum middle layer does that, incorrect. Layers merge near 12th rib true anatomy. Anterolateral fusion with transversus abdominis holds correct. Spinous origin of posterior lamella is accurate structural base. Separation error distinguishes incorrect statement, key to fascial anatomy, unlike true descriptions.
Question 3 of 5
In USS (Ultra Sound Scan) of kidney, an image is said to be hypoechoic if
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypoechoic on renal ultrasound means darker than surroundings less echo reflection (e.g., cysts). Brighter is hyperechoic dense tissue. Black without echoes is anechoic fluid-filled. Same as liver (isoechoic) varies kidney-specific. Darker hypoechoic appearance distinguishes it, critical for identifying lesions, unlike bright, fluid, or neutral patterns.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statement is correct regarding multichannel Urodynamics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Multichannel urodynamics is the most accurate tool for incontinence measures pressures (Pves, Pabd, Pdet derived), flow, and EMG, pinpointing causes (e.g., detrusor overactivity). Not all need it initial trials suffice for some. It assesses upper tract risk (e.g., high pressure) false to deny. Pdet is calculated, not direct minor flaw. Accuracy distinguishes it, critical for complex incontinence, unlike overuse, risk denial, or measurement errors.
Question 5 of 5
In determining the anatomy of the anterior urethral structure, all of the following investigations are useful except
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MRI isn't useful for anterior urethral strictures poor resolution for narrow lumens, better for soft tissue. RGU/MCU visualizes stricture length/location contrast-based. Ultrasound detects narrowing/thickness non-invasive. Urethroscopy directly views definitive. MRI's lack of utility distinguishes it, critical for practical stricture assessment, unlike effective imaging or scoping.