In the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in which there is excess production of cortisol precursor, the purpose of administration of synthetic glucocorticoid is:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In CAH (choice D), synthetic glucocorticoids suppress ACTH, reducing adrenal precursor excess (e.g., 17-hydroxyprogesterone). Aldosterone (choice A), renal (choice B), and immune (choice C) effects aren't primary goals. ACTH suppression corrects the defect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most likely receptors mediating the adverse effect of olanzapine in the 37-year-old woman are GABAergic and muscarinic receptors. Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, can have side effects such as acute psychotic states and aggression, which may be due to its interaction with these receptors. Blocking GABAergic receptors can lead to disinhibition and agitation, while muscarinic receptor blockade can cause cognitive impairment and confusion, both of which could contribute to the patient's acute psychotic state and aggressive behavior.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Buspirone (choice A), Alprazolam (choice B), and Baclofen (choice C) are correctly paired (anxiolytic, some antidepressant effect, less sedative muscle relaxant). Oxazepam (choice D), a benzodiazepine, isn't a TCA, making it the incorrect pair. This tests drug classification.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ethanol competes with methanol for alcohol dehydrogenase preventing the formation of toxic metabolites.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Carbimazole (choice A) and Propylthiouracil (choice D) treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis, Propranolol (choice C) manages symptoms. Carbamazepine (choice B), an anticonvulsant, is unrelated, making it the exception. This clarifies antithyroid therapy.