ATI RN
Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 5
In the ethical principle of beneficence, which is the BASIS of every nursing action in all work settings?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ethical principle of beneficence, which is the basis of every nursing action in all work settings, emphasizes the importance of doing good at all times for the benefit of the patient. Nurses are expected to act in the best interest of their patients and strive to promote their well-being and welfare. This principle guides nurses to provide care that is compassionate, effective, and in line with the patient's needs and preferences. By prioritizing the good of the patient in all actions and decisions, nurses uphold the principle of beneficence and demonstrate their commitment to promoting positive outcomes for those under their care.
Question 2 of 5
A patient receiving palliative care for end-stage pancreatic cancer experiences severe abdominal pain. What intervention should the palliative nurse prioritize to manage the patient's symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a patient with severe abdominal pain due to end-stage pancreatic cancer, the priority intervention to manage their symptoms would be to provide adequate pain relief. Opioid analgesics are the cornerstone of pain management for cancer patients experiencing severe pain. They work by binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, thereby reducing the perception of pain. Opioids are highly effective in managing cancer pain, including abdominal pain, and can significantly improve the patient's quality of life by providing relief from distressing symptoms. Therefore, administering opioid analgesics should be the nurse's primary intervention in this case to address the patient's severe abdominal pain. Initiating enteral nutrition, recommending hot compresses, or referring to a gastroenterologist may be relevant interventions depending on the patient's overall care plan but addressing the pain should be the immediate priority in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A patient presents with sudden-onset unilateral facial droop, arm weakness, and slurred speech. Symptoms began approximately 30 minutes ago but have partially resolved since then. Which of the following neurological conditions is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presentation of sudden-onset unilateral facial droop, arm weakness, and slurred speech that partially resolved within 30 minutes is more consistent with a transient ischemic attack (TIA) rather than an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. TIAs are caused by temporary decreases in blood flow to a specific area of the brain, leading to transient neurological deficits that typically last for less than 24 hours. In this case, the symptoms partially resolving suggest a temporary and reversible ischemic event, characteristic of a TIA. Ischemic strokes involve more prolonged or permanent impairment due to blockage of a blood vessel supplying the brain, while hemorrhagic strokes involve bleeding within the brain tissue or the surrounding membranes.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is prescribed a benzodiazepine for the management of insomnia. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed for the management of insomnia due to their sedative effects. One of the most common adverse effects of benzodiazepines is daytime drowsiness, which can impair the patient's ability to function normally during the day. Monitoring the patient closely for daytime drowsiness is important to ensure their safety and well-being, as it can affect their daily activities and increase the risk of accidents or falls. It is essential for the nurse to educate the patient on the potential for daytime drowsiness and advise them to avoid activities that require full alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery, until they know how the medication affects them. If the patient experiences severe or persistent daytime drowsiness, the healthcare provider may need to adjust the dosage or consider alternative treatment options.
Question 5 of 5
It is not enough for the nurse to listen, but she also has, to validate what she has heard. The importance of validation are the following EXCEPT _____
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The importance of validation in the context of communication and nursing care does not include the assumption that most patients are cognitively impaired. It would be more appropriate to approach patient interactions with the assumption that patients are capable of understanding and coherent communication. Validation is important because it helps ensure that the nurse has truly understood the patient's message, prevents misinterpretation, and fosters a sense of empathy and trust in the nurse-patient relationship. Additionally, validating the patient's thoughts and feelings can help clarify confused thoughts and promote effective communication. The other options (A, C, and D) are all valid reasons emphasizing the significance of validation in effective communication.
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