In qualitative research, a guiding principle in deciding sample size is:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Data saturation. In qualitative research, data saturation is the point where new data no longer brings additional insights or changes in themes. This principle guides sample size determination as it ensures enough data is collected to reach this saturation point, leading to a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under study. Effect size (A) is more relevant in quantitative research, while the number of variables (B) and sub-group analysis (D) are factors that may influence the complexity of the study but are not directly related to determining sample size in qualitative research.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Reviewing the events leading up to each medication administration error is the most crucial first step. It allows the committee to understand the root causes of the errors, identify patterns or common factors contributing to errors, and develop targeted interventions to prevent future errors. Step 2: Providing an inservice on medication administration to all nurses (Choice A) is important but should come after understanding the specific issues causing errors. Step 3: Requiring staff nurses to demonstrate competency by passing an examination (Choice B) is not the most effective initial strategy as it focuses on individual performance rather than systemic issues. Step 4: Developing a quality improvement program for nurses involved in errors (Choice D) is important but should follow the analysis of the errors to ensure the program's effectiveness in addressing the identified issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Leave the pimple. Pinching a pimple can lead to inflammation, scarring, and further spread of bacteria. Leaving the pimple allows it to heal naturally, reducing the risk of complications. It is important to practice gentle skincare to promote healthy skin and avoid causing damage or irritation. Other choices are incorrect as they involve actions that can harm the skin and worsen the condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypothermia. Subnormal core body temperature indicates the body temperature is below normal range, which is characteristic of hypothermia. Hyperthermia refers to elevated body temperature, making choice A incorrect. Choices C and D are likely not provided as they do not directly relate to the concept of body temperature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clear and light sample. This is because sputum should ideally be clear and light in color, indicating a lower presence of mucus and other contaminants. A cloudy, thick sample (choice A) may indicate an infection or presence of pus. Choices C and D are likely left blank as they are irrelevant or incorrect responses. In summary, a clear and light sputum sample is preferred for accurate testing and diagnosis.