ATI RN
Psychology 101 Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
In psychoanalytic theory, which psychosexual stage centers on castration anxiety?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Castration anxiety is a concept specific to the Phallic stage in psychoanalytic theory, according to Sigmund Freud. During the Phallic stage, children experience the Oedipus complex (boys) and Electra complex (girls), where they develop unconscious desires for the opposite-sex parent and fear castration by the same-sex parent. This anxiety is a crucial aspect of the Phallic stage, making it the correct answer. The other stages (Genital, Oral, and Anal) do not directly involve castration anxiety and focus on different aspects of psychosexual development.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following best describes a securely attached child in Japanese culture?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In Japanese culture, a securely attached child is described as dependent and emotionally restrained. This means that the child relies on their caregiver for support and is able to control their emotions, expressing their feelings in a more subtle and indirect manner. Choice B is incorrect as it describes independence, which is not characteristic of a securely attached child in Japanese culture. Choice C is also incorrect as it describes emotional lability and expressing feelings aggressively, which are not typical of securely attached children. Choice D is incorrect as it combines independence with emotional restraint, which does not align with the characteristics of a securely attached child in Japanese culture.
Question 3 of 5
Freud's psychosexual stage that occurs between the ages of 3 and 5 is the ________ stage.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Freud's psychosexual stage that occurs between the ages of 3 and 5 is the phallic stage. During this stage, children focus on the genitals and start to identify with the same-sex parent while developing the superego. Choice A, the oral stage, occurs during infancy (0-1 year), where gratification is centered around the mouth. Choice B, the anal stage, occurs between the ages of 1 and 3, focusing on toilet training. Choice D, the genital stage, is the final stage in Freud's theory, occurring from puberty onwards, where the focus is on mature sexual relationships.
Question 4 of 5
A lack of social skills, poor school performance, and moodiness have all been associated with which of the following parenting styles?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Neglectful/uninvolved. This parenting style is associated with a lack of social skills, poor school performance, and moodiness due to the lack of parental involvement and emotional support. Authoritarian parenting (choice A) is characterized by strict rules and high demands, not necessarily linked to these issues. Permissive/indulgent parenting (choice B) involves few rules and high responsiveness, which may not directly lead to these problems. Authoritative parenting (choice C) combines high demands with emotional support and is actually linked to positive outcomes such as good school performance and social skills.
Question 5 of 5
Why is it particularly useful to study identical twins who were raised in different environments?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Studying identical twins raised in different environments allows researchers to understand the impact of genetics versus environmental factors on traits. Choice A is incorrect because differences in brain function can be influenced by a variety of factors and not solely by environmental differences. Choice B is incorrect as concordance rates tend to be higher in identical twins reared together due to shared genetics and environment. Choice C is incorrect because genetics do not change due to being raised in different environments.