ATI RN
foundations of nursing test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
In providing prenatal care to a pregnant patient, what does the nurse teach the expectant mother?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because folic acid is crucial in preventing neural tube defects and anemia in the developing fetus. The nurse should teach the expectant mother about the importance of taking folic acid supplements before and during pregnancy. Folic acid is essential for proper cell division and growth, reducing the risk of birth defects. Choice A is incorrect because calcium intake is important throughout pregnancy, not just in the first trimester. Choice B is incorrect as protein intake should be adequate to support maternal and fetal growth, not decreased. Choice D is incorrect as excessive intake of vitamins and minerals can be harmful to the mother and the baby. In summary, the expectant mother should be educated on the importance of folic acid supplementation to prevent birth defects and anemia, while also ensuring a balanced diet with all essential nutrients.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is concerned about pulmonary aspiration when providing the patient with an intermittent tube feeding. Which action is thepriority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because verifying tube placement before feeding is essential to prevent pulmonary aspiration. If the tube is not correctly positioned in the stomach, there is a risk of feeding going into the lungs. Observing the color of gastric contents (A) may not always indicate correct placement. Adding blue food coloring (C) is unnecessary and could cause confusion. Running the formula over 12 hours (D) does not address the risk of pulmonary aspiration and does not ensure proper tube placement.
Question 3 of 5
The patient is having at least 75% of nutritional needs met by enteral feeding, so the health care provider has ordered the parenteral nutrition (PN) to be discontinued. However, the nurse notices that the PN infusion has fallen behind. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C - Taper infusion gradually): 1. Tapering the infusion gradually allows for a smooth transition off PN without causing metabolic disturbances. 2. Abruptly stopping PN can lead to hypoglycemia and electrolyte imbalances. 3. Increasing the rate may cause fluid overload or hyperglycemia. 4. Hanging 5% dextrose alone does not provide adequate nutrition and may not meet the patient's needs.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse seefirst?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse should prioritize the patient who has been receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) infusing with the same tubing for 26 hours. This patient needs to be seen first to monitor for any potential complications or issues related to TPN administration. Choice A can be ruled out because 50 hours is longer than 26 hours. Choices C and D involve enteral feeding, which is important but generally less critical than TPN. Additionally, choice D has a shorter duration than choice B. Therefore, choice B is the most time-sensitive and critical patient to assess first.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient about the urinarysystem. In which order will the nurse present the structures, following the flow of urine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct order is B: Kidney, ureters, bladder, urethra. 1. Kidneys filter blood and produce urine. 2. Ureters transport urine from kidneys to bladder. 3. Bladder stores urine until expelled. 4. Urethra carries urine from bladder out of the body. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the anatomical flow of urine through the urinary system.