In preparation for ECT, the nurse knows that it is almost similar to that of:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: General Anesthesia. In preparation for ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy), the nurse should be aware that it is almost similar to the process of administering general anesthesia. This similarity is crucial as it involves sedation and muscle relaxation to ensure safety during the procedure. Choice A (ECG) is incorrect because ECT and ECG (Electrocardiogram) serve different purposes and involve distinct procedures. Choice C (EEG) is incorrect as EEG (Electroencephalogram) measures brain activity and is not directly related to ECT. Choice D (MRI) is also incorrect as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that does not involve sedation or muscle relaxation like ECT and general anesthesia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In an extreme situation where no other resident or intern is available, if a nurse receives telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within 36 hours. This time frame ensures timely documentation and validation of the orders. Choice A (24 hours) is too short a period for busy physicians to fulfill the task. Choice C (48 hours) is too long and delays the incorporation of physician orders into the patient's care plan. Choice D (12 hours) may not provide enough time for the physician to review and sign the order, especially in situations where immediate attention is not required.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Periorbital edema is a sign of increased intracranial pressure. It is caused by fluid accumulation around the eyes due to compromised drainage. Narrowing of the pulse pressure is more indicative of shock than increased intracranial pressure. While vomiting can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure, it is not as specific as periorbital edema. A positive Kernig's sign is associated with meningitis, not increased intracranial pressure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Type II diabetes (NIDDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative lack of insulin. It is not primarily characterized by an abnormal immune response. Option A is incorrect because only Type I diabetes clients are prone to developing ketosis due to a lack of insulin. Option B is incorrect because while Type II diabetes is more common and often preventable through lifestyle changes, it is not solely genetic. Option C is incorrect because Type I diabetes, not Type II, is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia due to an absolute lack of insulin production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of a comatose patient, it is essential to consider that hearing is often the last sense to be lost. Therefore, talking loudly, as in option B, is the correct approach. By speaking loudly, you increase the chances of the patient being able to perceive sound even in a comatose state, potentially providing comfort and connection. Option A is incorrect because assuming that the patient cannot hear without evidence can be detrimental to the patient's well-being and may hinder any potential communication. Option C is also incorrect because instructing the family not to talk eliminates a potential source of comfort and support for the patient, as hearing their familiar voices can have a positive impact. Option D, while well-intentioned, may not be as effective as speaking loudly. In a comatose state, the patient may be more likely to detect louder sounds. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of understanding sensory perception in different states of consciousness and the significance of maintaining communication and connection with patients, even when they are unable to respond outwardly. It emphasizes the value of considering all senses when caring for patients, especially in vulnerable states like coma.