In planning for pain management for a client with thrombophlebitis the nurse should include

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: bed rest. Bed rest is crucial for managing thrombophlebitis to prevent further clot formation and reduce the risk of complications. Movement can dislodge blood clots, leading to embolism. Analgesics (A) may help with pain but do not address the underlying issue. Anticoagulants (B) are used to prevent clot formation but do not directly manage pain. Exercise (C) can worsen thrombophlebitis by increasing the risk of clot dislodgment. Thus, bed rest is the most appropriate option for pain management in thrombophlebitis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why the correct answer is C: a diuretic. 1. Diuretics promote the excretion of excess water and salt from the body, reducing fluid volume in the bloodstream. 2. Administering a diuretic can help manage conditions like hypertension and heart failure by decreasing blood pressure and relieving edema. 3. Diuretics are commonly used to treat conditions where fluid retention is a concern. 4. In the given scenario, anticipating administering a diuretic would be appropriate to address potential fluid overload or edema. Summary: A: Analgesics are used for pain relief, not for addressing fluid retention or volume overload. B: Catecholamines are hormones involved in the body's fight-or-flight response and are not typically used to manage fluid balance. D: Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to treat angina and heart-related chest pain, not fluid retention issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Increased heart rate and shallow painful respirations are indicative of pulmonary embolism. Increased heart rate is a common response to decreased oxygen levels due to impaired blood flow from a clot in the pulmonary arteries. Shallow, painful respirations can occur due to chest pain and difficulty breathing associated with pulmonary embolism. Decreased urine output and elevated central venous pressure (Choice A) are more indicative of heart failure or renal issues. Elevated temperature and decreased skin turgor (Choice C) are signs of dehydration or infection. Abdominal tenderness and decreased capillary refill (Choice D) are more suggestive of intra-abdominal issues like appendicitis or bowel obstruction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Has a mitral valve stenosis. This is because Joan Timmerman presents with symptoms that may indicate a heart condition, such as shortness of breath and fatigue. Mitral valve stenosis is a condition where the heart's mitral valve is narrowed, leading to symptoms like fatigue and shortness of breath. Infectious mononucleosis (B) typically presents with symptoms like sore throat and swollen glands, not specifically related to Joan's symptoms. Emotionally upset (C) may cause fatigue but is less likely to cause shortness of breath. Being exhausted (A) is a general symptom and does not explain the specific symptoms Joan is experiencing.