ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
In necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), even with aggressive and appropriate medical management, 25%-50% of infants require surgical intervention. Of the following, the MOST obvious indication for surgical intervention is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pneumoperitoneum (B) is the clearest surgical indication in NEC, signaling perforation, per surgical guidelines.
Question 2 of 5
The presence of dark color urine and gray-white (acholic) stools with jaundice after the second week of life strongly suggest
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dark urine and acholic stools with jaundice post-2 weeks indicate biliary atresia (B), obstructing bile flow, per diagnostic signs.
Question 3 of 5
An unusual complication of exchange transfusion is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NEC (E) is a rare exchange transfusion complication, linked to hemodynamic shifts, unlike common issues (A, B, C, D).
Question 4 of 5
A 12-hour-old term infant delivered by elective cesarean section after uneventful pregnancy presented with tachypnea, grunting, and retractions; oxygen saturation at room air 84% which respond to 40% oxygen (oxygen saturation 95%). Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TTN (E) fits term infant post-C-section with transient respiratory distress improving with Oâ‚‚, per neonatal patterns.
Question 5 of 5
The predominant site of hematopoiesis in the last trimester is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bone marrow (E) takes over hematopoiesis in the third trimester, per fetal development.