ATI RN
Pediatric Neurological NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In motor examination, the power that is able to move against gravity but not against resistance; is graded as
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Muscle power moving against gravity but not resistance is graded 3 , per Medical Research Council scale. Grade 1 is trace contraction; 2 movwithout gravity; 4 resists some resistance; 5 full strength. Grade 3s definition fits, making C the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
An adolescent female is complaining from chronic progressive headache that is gradually increasing in frequency and severity, her headachare worse when lying down and in the first awaking. Of the following, the MOST likely cause is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pseudotumor cerebri causchronic, progressive headachworse lying down or morning, per neurology texts, from idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Anxiety and depression lack positional worsening; epilepsy involvseizures; substance abuse is nonspecific. IIHs ICP pattern makes C the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Triptans (available in injectable, nasal spray, oral disintegrating, and tablet form) may alleviate migraine symptoms promptly. It acts as
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Triptans act as serotonin receptor agonists , per pharmacology, binding 5-HT1B/1D to vasoconstrict and inhibit pain pathways in migraines. MAOIs treat depression; benzodiazepinseizures; parasympathomimetics stimulate; parasympatholytics block. Serotonin specificity makes D the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A 5-month-old boy presented with brief contractions of the neck, trunk, and arm muscles, followed by a phase of sustained muscle contraction lasting less than 2 seconds. His EEG pattern consists of chaotic high-voltage slow waves, spikes, and polyspikes. Of the following, the first-line treatment in this condition is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACTH is first-line for infantile spasms, per AAN, with chaotic EEG (hypsarrhythmia) and brief flexor/extensor spasms. Phenobarbital and valproate are less effective; midazolam acute; ethosuximide absence. ACTHs efficacy in spasms makes A the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Neuromuscular disease affects any component of the lower motor neuron unit. The distribution of muscle weakness can point toward specific diseases. The proximal muscle weakness is seen in
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dermatomyositis causproximal weakness, per rheumatology, from inflammatory myopathy affecting shoulder/hip girdles. Polyneuropathy and HMSN are distal; myotonic dystrophy mixed; distal myopathy distal. Proximal pattern make B the correct answer.