ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
In microcytic hypochromic anaemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In microcytic hypochromic anemia, red cells are smaller with decreased hemoglobin content, leading to pale appearance. Choice D is correct as it describes the typical characteristics of microcytic hypochromic anemia. Choice A is incorrect as red cells are smaller, not larger. Choice B is incorrect as red blood cell count is usually decreased. Choice C is incorrect as both hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin are decreased in microcytic hypochromic anemia.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a bleeding disorder is prescribed an infusion of plasma. What should the nurse explain as being the purpose of this infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contains clotting factors. Plasma contains essential clotting factors like fibrinogen, Factor VIII, and others that are necessary for blood clotting in patients with bleeding disorders. This infusion helps improve the patient's ability to form blood clots and control bleeding. B: Plasma does not carry oxygen to tissues; that is the role of red blood cells. C: Plasma does not directly support cellular metabolism; that is the function of nutrients. D: Plasma does not remove waste products from cells; that is the role of the kidneys and liver.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) 5 mg daily has an international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5. It is time to administer the next dose of Coumadin. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the daily Coumadin as ordered. Rationale: 1. INR of 2.5 is within the therapeutic range (2-3) for patients on warfarin. 2. Holding the dose may lead to fluctuation in INR and risk of thrombosis or bleeding. 3. Notifying the physician is not necessary as the INR is within the target range. 4. Administering vitamin K is not indicated unless the patient is experiencing significant bleeding. In summary, administering the daily Coumadin as ordered is appropriate as the INR is within the therapeutic range, ensuring continuity of anticoagulation therapy without unnecessary intervention.
Question 4 of 5
A patient receiving blood complains of dyspnea. The nurse auscultates the patient's lungs and finds crackles that were not present before the start of the transfusion. Which type of reaction should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Circulatory overload. Dyspnea and crackles post-transfusion indicate fluid overload, not an immune response. Step 1: Rule out urticarial (itching/rash) and anaphylactic (rapid onset, hypotension) reactions due to the absence of these symptoms. Step 2: Hemolytic reactions involve destruction of red blood cells, leading to hemoglobinuria and shock. Step 3: Circulatory overload results from an excessive volume of blood given, leading to pulmonary edema and crackles. In this case, the symptoms align with circulatory overload, making it the most likely reaction.
Question 5 of 5
A patient reports severe abdominal cramping and diarrhea. Assessment reveals a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C) and pulse of 82 beats/min. Results of a complete blood count reveal lower than normal segmented and banded neutrophils and higher than normal lymphocytes. Which type of infection does the nurse suspect this patient is most likely experiencing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Viral. The patient's symptoms of abdominal cramping, diarrhea, fever, and altered white blood cell count with low neutrophils and high lymphocytes suggest a viral infection. Viral infections often present with these symptoms and characteristic lab findings. Other choices are incorrect because fungal infections typically do not cause acute abdominal symptoms, parasitic infections usually present with different symptoms and lab findings, and bacterial infections are more likely to have elevated neutrophils and different clinical presentation.