ATI RN
Questions On The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
In macula densa, the changes include all of the followings EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macula densa cells (DCT) have darker nuclei, cilia, and cuboidal shape for sensing not loss of basement membrane (structural integrity). This distinguishes macula densa's role, key for tubuloglomerular feedback, contrasting with structural loss.
Question 2 of 5
The gold standard investigation in the evaluation of Urolithiasis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Non-contrast CT (NCCT) is the gold standard for urolithiasis detects size, location, density (e.g., Hounsfield units) with high sensitivity, guiding management. MRI excels in soft tissue, not stones poor specificity. Digital tomosynthesis is experimental, less detailed limited use. Micro CT is lab-based, not clinical impractical. NCCT's diagnostic precision distinguishes it, critical for rapid, accurate stone assessment, unlike tissue, emerging, or research tools.
Question 3 of 5
Brown colour in Semen is seen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brown semen (hematospermia) in spinal cord injury reflects blood from neurogenic dysfunction or catheterization common association. Infection typically causes pus/yellow, not brown different etiology. Medications (e.g., rifampin) alter urine, not semen color unrelated. Sexual activity may cause transient blood, but not specific less likely. Spinal injury's link distinguishes it, key to neurogenic hematospermia, unlike infection, drug, or activity causes.
Question 4 of 5
The primary pacemaker cells for Ureteral peristalsis are
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atypical smooth muscle cells in the proximal ureter (pelviureteric junction) act as primary pacemakers initiate peristalsis, driving urine flow. ICC-like cells (telocytes) assist, not primary supportive. Latent pacemakers dominate if primary fail backup. Distal location fits bladder, not ureter wrong site. Atypical muscle's role distinguishes it, critical for ureteral propulsion, unlike secondary, backup, or misplaced cells.
Question 5 of 5
What is the common cause of ureteral avulsion during stone basketing for upper ureteric stone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Persistent basketing despite ureteral tear causes avulsion force detaches ureter, complicating injury. No dilation risks trauma but not avulsion less severe. Holmium laser fragments stones, not primary avulsion cause tool-based. Non-dilated system increases resistance, not detachment predisposing. Persistence with tear distinguishes it, critical for this iatrogenic risk, unlike preparatory or tool-related factors.