ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care 7th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
In JRA, the autoimmune reaction primarily occurs in the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA), which is now referred to as Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), the autoimmune reaction primarily occurs in the synovial tissue of the joints. The synovial tissue lines the inside of the joint capsule and produces synovial fluid, which helps to lubricate and nourish the joint. In JIA, the immune system mistakenly targets the synovial tissue, leading to inflammation, pain, and damage to the joints. This inflammatory process can result in swelling, warmth, stiffness, and eventual joint destruction if left untreated. Therefore, the synovial tissue is the primary site of the autoimmune reaction in JRA/JIA.
Question 2 of 5
a definitive diagnosis of sickle cell disease is based on which diagnostic result
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A definitive diagnosis of sickle cell disease is based on hemoglobin electrophoresis. This test separates the different types of hemoglobin based on their electrical charge, allowing for the detection of abnormal hemoglobin variants such as hemoglobin S, which is characteristic of sickle cell disease. A complete blood count (CBC) can show various abnormalities seen in sickle cell disease, but it is not specific for confirming the diagnosis. Bone marrow aspiration is not routinely used for diagnosing sickle cell disease. Blood chemistry tests may reveal some complications associated with sickle cell disease but do not confirm the condition itself. Hemoglobin electrophoresis is the gold standard for diagnosing sickle cell disease by identifying the specific hemoglobin variant characteristic of the disorder.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is doing an assessment on a newborn. Which is characteristic of a newborn's vision at birth and an expected finding during the assessment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At birth, a newborn's vision is not fully developed. However, one of the characteristics of a newborn's vision is that their pupils are able to react to light. This response helps to protect the newborn's developing eyes from excessive light exposure. During a newborn assessment, it is expected that the nurse will observe the pupil constriction in response to a bright light source, indicating a normal functioning of the pupillary reflex. This physiological response is vital for assessing the newborn's neurological integrity and visual function.
Question 4 of 5
Which is most important in the immediate care of the newborn?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining a patent airway is the most critical aspect in the immediate care of a newborn. An open airway is essential for the newborn to breathe effectively and receive adequate oxygen. Any obstruction in the airway can lead to respiratory distress and compromise the baby's oxygenation. Therefore, ensuring the airway is clear and the newborn can breathe properly is the top priority in providing immediate care. While other choices are important aspects of newborn care, ensuring a patent airway takes precedence in order to support the newborn's respiratory function and overall well-being.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching nursing students about childhood skin lesions. Which is an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A vesicle is an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid. Serous fluid is a clear, watery fluid that can accumulate within the vesicle. Vesicles are commonly seen in conditions such as herpes simplex virus infections (cold sores) and contact dermatitis. It is important for nursing students to understand the characteristics of different skin lesions to accurately assess and provide appropriate care for patients.