ATI RN
Urinary System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In glomerulus afferent blood vessel is 'arteriole' while efferent is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Efferent vessel is an arteriole, not venule, capillaries, or artery. This specifies glomerular vasculature, key for pressure, contrasting with venous or capillary terms.
Question 2 of 5
What portion of the nephron extends into the medulla?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nephron loop (loop of Henle) extends into medulla, not PCT, DCT (cortex), or papillary duct (collecting). This locates medullary segment, critical for concentration, contrasting with cortical parts.
Question 3 of 5
Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds each kidney is the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal capsule (fibrous) encases kidney, not cortex, hilum (entry), or medulla (inner). This identifies protective layer, vital for structure, contrasting with internal regions.
Question 4 of 5
Which is incorrect regarding the investigation of UTI?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dipstick nitrite sensitivity isn't 96% it's ~50-60%, missing many UTIs (e.g., non-nitrate reducers like Enterococcus), incorrect. Leucocyte esterase specificity isn't 96% lower, ~80%, false positives occur (e.g., contamination). Culture >10âµ CFU/mL is standard 95% infection probability holds. Blood cultures rarely alter UTI management urine suffices, true. Nitrite's low sensitivity distinguishes the error, key to diagnostic limits, unlike specificity, culture, or blood utility statements.
Question 5 of 5
Which is incorrect regarding CAPD peritonitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Staph aureus isn't the most common CAPD peritonitis organism Staph epidermidis (skin flora) leads, incorrect. Gram stain positivity (10-40%) aligns low yield, true. Parenteral antibiotics are rare intraperitoneal suffices, correct. Cell count >100 with >50% neutrophils defines it accurate. Epidermidis's dominance distinguishes the error, key to CAPD infection patterns, unlike stain, route, or diagnostic truths.