ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In gastroenteritis, a large inoculums is required to cause infection with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salmonella (B) requires a high inoculum (~10âµ organisms) to infect, unlike Shigella (A), EHEC (C), Giardia (D), or Entamoeba (E), per microbiology.
Question 2 of 5
A 2-year-old girl presented with fever, urgency, dysuria, and abdominal pain. Of the following, the MOST common etiological pathogen is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: E. coli (E) causes ~80% of pediatric UTIs, per microbiology data.
Question 3 of 5
A 21-day-old infant presented with poor weight gain, decreased feeding, fever, and jaundice; urinalysis showing leukocyturia of 20 WBCs/mm³; total bilirubin level, 13 mg/dl and direct bilirubin level, 4 mg/dl Of the following, the MOST appropriate treatment is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neonatal UTI (<28 days) with systemic signs requires IV gentamicin (B), per AAP, due to sepsis risk.
Question 4 of 5
Malignancies and age; the LEAST likely association is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Retinoblastoma typically peaks in early childhood (under 5), not late childhood, making it the least likely association.
Question 5 of 5
Anterior mediastinal mass is found in
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lymphoma, particularly Hodgkin and T-cell types, frequently presents with an anterior mediastinal mass.