In developing a care plan for a client with psoriasis, the nurse knows that psoriasis is

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In developing a care plan for a client with psoriasis, the nurse must understand the nature of the condition. The correct answer is A) familial and chronic. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that tends to run in families, hence familial. Understanding this helps the nurse provide appropriate long-term care and support for the client. Option B) contagious and acute is incorrect because psoriasis is not contagious; it is not caused by a virus or bacteria. It is also not acute, as it is a chronic condition that can have flare-ups but generally persists over time. Option C) toxic and drug-related is incorrect because while certain medications or environmental factors can exacerbate psoriasis, the condition itself is not inherently toxic nor solely drug-related. Option D) bacterial and fungal is incorrect as psoriasis is not caused by bacteria or fungi. It is an immune-mediated condition that affects the skin. Educational context: Understanding the nature of psoriasis is crucial for nurses to provide holistic care to clients. By knowing that psoriasis is familial and chronic, nurses can better educate clients on managing their condition, provide emotional support, and ensure proper treatment adherence. This knowledge also helps in dispelling myths or misconceptions about psoriasis, promoting empathy and understanding in healthcare settings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) the goal she is working toward and the reasons why specific exercises are chosen. This option is essential in planning an exercise routine for Carol because understanding the goal and the reasons behind specific exercises helps in maintaining motivation, adherence to the routine, and achieving optimal results. By knowing the purpose of each exercise, Carol can stay focused, track her progress, and make necessary adjustments to her routine. Option A, passive exercises being the most important part of the routine, is incorrect because passive exercises alone may not provide the full benefits of a well-rounded exercise program that includes active movements to promote strength, flexibility, and overall health. Option B, exercises should work in the direction of the lines of contracture potential, is incorrect as it is a very specific concept related to addressing contractures and may not apply to Carol's general exercise routine. Option D, repetitive exercises of all types are advantageous in an exercise program, is incorrect because while repetition is important for skill acquisition and muscle memory, the effectiveness of an exercise program also depends on variety, intensity, and progression to prevent plateaus and ensure continued improvement. Educationally, it is crucial for individuals to understand the rationale behind their exercise routines to empower them to take ownership of their health and well-being. By knowing why specific exercises are chosen and the goals they are working towards, individuals like Carol can make informed decisions, stay committed to their regimen, and experience the full benefits of their efforts.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The epidermis of the skin is made of stratified squamous epithelium because it provides protection against abrasion and dehydration. It consists of multiple layers of flat, scale-like cells that constantly shed and regenerate. This type of epithelium is well-suited for the outermost layer of the skin due to its durability and ability to withstand mechanical stress. Simple squamous epithelium (Choice A) is too thin and fragile for the skin's protective function. Cuboidal epithelium (Choice C) is not flat enough to form the outer layer. Transitional epithelium (Choice D) is found in the urinary system, not in the skin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because stressful situations do not increase the secretions of apocrine glands. Apocrine glands are primarily involved in producing body odor and are not directly influenced by stress. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. A is false because ceruminous glands are found in the ear canal, not the inner ear. B is false because sebum from sebaceous glands actually helps to lubricate and moisturize the skin. D is false because eccrine glands are simple, coiled tubes that release sweat directly onto the skin surface, not through a duct.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Topical corticosteroids can lead to local side effects such as skin atrophy and thinning. Step 2: Incorporating this information into the plan of care is crucial to monitor and prevent these adverse effects. Step 3: Choice A is incorrect as applying liberally can increase the risk of side effects. Step 4: Choice B is incorrect as absorption is actually enhanced when skin is moist, not dry. Step 5: Choice D is incorrect as occlusive dressings can increase absorption of corticosteroids, not decrease it.