Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. Cost-benefit ratio involves weighing the benefits of saying yes against the costs of the time commitment. 2. Professional nurses must consider the impact on patient care, workload, and personal well-being. 3. By evaluating the cost-benefit ratio, nurses can make informed decisions aligned with professional responsibilities and ethical standards. Summary: Choice A is correct because it emphasizes a systematic approach to decision-making based on evaluating the overall impact of the time commitment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the essential consideration of weighing costs and benefits in decision-making.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: federally recognized minorities. This is because Russian immigrants are considered a federally recognized minority group in the United States. By searching under this category, the nurse can find specific and relevant information about the health beliefs and practices of this particular ethnic group. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically pertain to the Russian immigrant population. Marginalized populations (B) may include various minority groups but may not provide specific information about Russian immigrants. Similarly, Asian/Pacific Islander cultures (C) and Latino cultures (D) do not encompass the unique health beliefs and practices of Russian immigrants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pareto chart. A Pareto chart is a quality improvement tool used to prioritize and focus efforts on the most significant causes of a problem. In this case, the hospital used the chart to identify the main causes of medication errors, helping them to allocate resources efficiently. The Pareto principle states that roughly 80% of effects come from 20% of causes, making it a powerful tool for process improvement. A: Run chart is used to track data over time but does not prioritize causes like a Pareto chart. C: Flowcharts are used to map out processes and are helpful for understanding the sequence of activities, not for prioritizing causes. D: Cause-and-effect diagrams (Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram) are used to identify and organize potential causes of a problem but do not prioritize them like a Pareto chart. In summary, the Pareto chart is the most appropriate tool in this situation because it helps focus efforts on the most significant causes

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: stop the LPN/LVN immediately and discuss the possible consequences of his actions in a nonjudgmental manner. This is the priority intervention because it addresses the immediate issue of potentially incorrect documentation and allows for clarity and understanding between the RN and LPN/LVN. It promotes open communication and a chance to correct any errors that may have occurred. Choice A is incorrect because checking the drug packages after the fact does not address the issue of potentially incorrect documentation and missed medications. Choice C is incorrect as it is an extreme response that does not promote a collaborative and educational approach to resolving the situation. Choice D is incorrect as calling the pharmacy for replacement medications is not necessary at this stage and does not address the immediate concern of potentially incorrect documentation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: The question asks about the reason for the nursing shortage and references the National Survey of Registered Nurses. Step 2: Choice C states that practicing registered nurses are satisfied with their jobs and most remain with the same employer they worked for the previous year. Step 3: This suggests that the nursing shortage is not due to registered nurses being unhappy with their jobs and leaving. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is C, as it directly addresses the misconception presented in the question. Step 5: Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the information provided in the National Survey of Registered Nurses and do not address the actual reason for the nursing shortage.