In conducting a study on sleep, Nurse Trining was asked which of the types of research will be used should it involve collecting numerical data which is most often under considerable control. Her answer should be _________.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Quantitative research is the type of research that involves collecting numerical data, which can be easily quantified and analyzed statistically. It is characterized by its structured methodology, objectivity, and the ability to control variables to a considerable extent. In the context of a study on sleep, where data related to sleep patterns, duration, quality, etc., need to be measured and analyzed in a systematic manner, quantitative research would be the most appropriate choice. This type of research allows for a more precise understanding of the relationships and patterns within the data, providing valuable insights into the sleep-related factors being studied.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient's presentation with fatigue, pallor, dyspnea on exertion, low hemoglobin level, decreased MCV, and decreased MCHC are all consistent with iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia and occurs when there is insufficient iron available for hemoglobin production. The low hemoglobin level results in symptoms such as fatigue and pallor, while the decreased MCV and MCHC indicate microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells, respectively, which are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia and thalassemia typically present with a different pattern of laboratory findings and clinical manifestations. Sickle cell anemia is characterized by sickle-shaped red blood cells due to a genetic mutation, and the laboratory findings in sickle cell anemia are different from those seen in the patient described in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a patient expresses concern about a medication looking different from what they had taken before, it is crucial for the nurse to verify the original prescription to ensure that the correct medication is being administered. Checking the original medication prescription will help the nurse confirm if there have been any changes or errors in the medication orders. This step is essential for patient safety and to prevent any potential medication errors. It is important to prioritize patient safety and well-being in such situations, and verifying the prescription is the appropriate action to take in this case.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The suicide of her mother is the most probable historical data that led to post-traumatic stress disorder. Experiencing the suicide of a close family member, especially a parent, can be an extremely traumatic event that can have long-lasting psychological effects. Witnessing or dealing with such a tragic loss can lead to feelings of helplessness, depression, guilt, and intense emotional distress, all of which are common in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This significant and distressing event could have a profound impact on the individual's mental health and well-being, contributing to the development of PTSD symptoms such as intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, negative mood alterations, and changes in arousal or reactivity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Endometriosis is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. One common symptom of endometriosis is excessive menstrual bleeding, known as menorrhagia. This excessive bleeding is due to the presence of endometrial tissue in abnormal locations, leading to inflammation, scarring, and blood accumulation. In severe cases, endometriosis can lead to the formation of adhesions, cysts, and scar tissue, causing significant pain and fertility issues for affected individuals. Endometrial hyperplasia, leiomyomas (uterine fibroids), and adenomyosis are other gynecological conditions, but they do not involve the abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus like endometriosis does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The last and necessary part of any activity should involve an evaluation process. By evaluating the activity, the organizers can gather feedback on what worked well and what areas need improvement. This feedback is crucial for enhancing future activities that are similar in nature. It allows for reflections on the effectiveness of the activity, identifies strengths and weaknesses, and helps in making necessary adjustments for better outcomes in the future. Overall, evaluation ensures continuous improvement and development in organizing successful activities.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Qualitative research data are typically in text form rather than numeric or statistical data. This means that the data collected through qualitative research methods are descriptive and usually presented in the form of words, phrases, or narratives. Qualitative data often involve subjective interpretations, opinions, and in-depth insights, making text a more suitable format for capturing these nuances compared to numerical or quantitative data. The focus in qualitative research is on understanding experiences, meanings, and perspectives, which are best conveyed through textual data.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cleaning the inner cannula daily helps prevent the accumulation of secretions and debris, which can lead to blockages and infections. It is an essential aspect of tracheostomy care to maintain the patency of the airway and prevent complications. Caregivers should be taught how to safely remove, clean, and reinsert the inner cannula as part of routine tracheostomy care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Administering systemic analgesia, such as pain medications or anesthesia, before the wound debridement procedure is the most effective way to minimize patient discomfort. These medications will help manage and reduce the pain experienced by the patient during the procedure, making it more tolerable for them. Topical anesthetic cream may provide some localized relief but may not be sufficient for significant pain management during a wound debridement procedure. Using sharp debridement techniques or performing the procedure quickly may help reduce manipulation or duration, respectively, but these actions alone may not adequately address the patient's pain and discomfort. Administering systemic analgesia ensures that the patient's overall pain is managed, promoting a more comfortable and successful wound debridement procedure.