ATI RN
Assessment and Management of Newborn Complications Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
In comparison with the term infant, the preterm infant has
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: greater surface area in proportion to weight. Preterm infants have a higher surface area to weight ratio due to their smaller size and underdeveloped body systems. This increased surface area makes them more susceptible to heat loss and requires special care to maintain their body temperature. A: more subcutaneous fat - This is incorrect because preterm infants actually have less subcutaneous fat compared to full-term infants. B: well-developed flexor muscles - This is incorrect as preterm infants typically have less muscle tone and may exhibit muscle weakness. C: few blood vessels visible through the skin - This is incorrect as preterm infants often have fragile skin with visible blood vessels due to their underdeveloped skin layers.
Question 2 of 5
Overstimulation may cause increased oxygen use in a preterm infant. Which nursing intervention helps to avoid this problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Teach the parents signs of overstimulation, such as turning the face away or stiffening and extending the extremities and fingers. Rationale: 1. Teaching parents signs of overstimulation empowers them to recognize and respond to their infant's cues effectively. 2. Parents can then modify the environment or interactions to reduce overstimulation, hence decreasing oxygen use. 3. This intervention promotes parental involvement in the care of the preterm infant, fostering a supportive and nurturing environment. 4. By educating parents, the nursing staff can work collaboratively with families to optimize the infant's care and well-being. Summary: A: Grouping care activities may help with rest but does not directly address overstimulation and increased oxygen use. B: Keeping charts on top of the incubator is irrelevant to addressing overstimulation. C: Providing a soft report does not directly address overstimulation or involve parents in recognizing signs.
Question 3 of 5
In caring for the preterm infant, which complication is thought to be a result of high arterial blood oxygen level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). High arterial blood oxygen levels can lead to IVH in preterm infants due to increased cerebral blood flow and disruption of immature blood vessels in the brain. This can cause bleeding into the brain's ventricles. NEC (A) is more associated with feeding issues, ROP (B) with high oxygen levels, and BPD (D) with prolonged use of mechanical ventilation.
Question 4 of 5
Which nursing action is especially important for an SGA newborn?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because preventing hypoglycemia is crucial for Small for Gestational Age (SGA) newborns due to their decreased glycogen stores. Early and frequent feedings help maintain stable blood sugar levels. Option A, promoting bonding, is important for all newborns but not particularly crucial for SGA babies. Option B, preventing dehydration, is essential for all newborns but not specific to SGA. Option C, observing for respiratory distress syndrome, is important but not the most critical concern for SGA newborns.
Question 5 of 5
Which data should alert the nurse caring for an SGA infant that additional calories may be needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because weight gain is a direct indicator of nutritional status. A weight gain of 40 g/day may indicate inadequate caloric intake for an SGA (small for gestational age) infant, necessitating additional calories. A: Hematocrit level might indicate dehydration or polycythemia, not necessarily inadequate caloric intake. C: The volume of intake alone does not indicate the adequacy of caloric intake; concentration and composition of the feed are also essential. D: Temperature measurements are not directly related to the need for additional calories in an SGA infant.