ATI RN
Assessment and Management of Newborn Complications Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
In caring for the preterm infant, which complication is thought to be a result of high arterial blood oxygen level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). High arterial blood oxygen levels can lead to IVH in preterm infants due to increased cerebral blood flow and disruption of immature blood vessels in the brain. This can cause bleeding into the brain's ventricles. NEC (A) is more associated with feeding issues, ROP (B) with high oxygen levels, and BPD (D) with prolonged use of mechanical ventilation.
Question 2 of 5
Which data should alert the nurse caring for an SGA infant that additional calories may be needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because weight gain is a direct indicator of nutritional status. A weight gain of 40 g/day may indicate inadequate caloric intake for an SGA (small for gestational age) infant, necessitating additional calories. A: Hematocrit level might indicate dehydration or polycythemia, not necessarily inadequate caloric intake. C: The volume of intake alone does not indicate the adequacy of caloric intake; concentration and composition of the feed are also essential. D: Temperature measurements are not directly related to the need for additional calories in an SGA infant.
Question 3 of 5
An infant delivered prematurely at 28 weeks' gestation weighs 1200 g. Based on this information the infant is classified as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: VLBW (Very Low Birth Weight). This classification is based on the infant weighing less than 1500 g at birth, which applies to this scenario as the infant weighs 1200 g. VLBW infants are at higher risk for complications due to their low weight and prematurity. A: SG (Small for Gestational Age) is incorrect because it refers to infants who are below the 10th percentile for weight at a specific gestational age, not based solely on weight. C: ELBW (Extremely Low Birth Weight) is incorrect as it typically refers to infants weighing less than 1000 g at birth, which is lower than the infant in this scenario. D: Low birth weight at term is incorrect as it does not accurately classify a premature infant like the one in the question.
Question 4 of 5
Which nursing diagnosis would be considered a priority for a newborn infant who is receiving phototherapy in an isolette?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fluid volume deficit related to phototherapy treatment. Priority nursing diagnoses are based on ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation). Fluid volume deficit can result from phototherapy due to increased insensible water loss. This can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, impacting circulation and overall well-being. Hypothermia (choice A) is important but not the priority in this case. Impaired skin integrity (choice B) is a potential issue but not as critical as fluid volume deficit. Knowledge deficit (choice D) is important for parental education but not an immediate concern compared to fluid balance in the newborn.
Question 5 of 5
A newborn assessment finding that would support the nursing diagnosis of postmaturity would be
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: loose skin. Postmaturity in newborns is characterized by dry, cracked, and peeling skin due to prolonged gestation. Loose skin is a classic sign of postmaturity, indicating reduced subcutaneous fat. Ruddy skin color (B) is not specific to postmaturity. Vernix (C) is present in newborns and decreases with gestational age, not directly related to postmaturity. Lanugo (D) is fine hair that covers a fetus and sheds before birth, not a specific indicator of postmaturity.