In caring for an immediate postpartum client, you note she has

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In caring for an immediate postpartum client, you should monitor closely for HELLP syndrome, which stands for Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count. HELLP syndrome is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and problems with the liver and blood-clotting system. It can lead to severe bleeding issues, organ failure, and other life-threatening complications if not promptly recognized and managed. Therefore, close monitoring for signs of HELLP syndrome is crucial in the postpartum period to ensure timely intervention and prevent adverse outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, it is important to explain to the client what happened during labor and delivery. It is essential to communicate that the fetus was in a brow presentation initially, which can sometimes lead to complications during labor. However, the fetus converted to occiput presentation and was successfully delivered vaginally with the help of vacuum extraction. Providing this information to the client helps in ensuring transparency and understanding of the events that occurred, addressing any concerns or questions they may have about the delivery process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A: "What should the nurse be monitoring the fetus closely for?" This option is correct because when caring for a patient at risk for uterine issues, monitoring the fetus closely is crucial to assess its well-being and detect any signs of distress. By closely monitoring the fetus, the nurse can identify any deviations from normal patterns and intervene promptly to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby. Option B, "Loss of ability to determine fetal station," is incorrect in this context because it does not directly address the immediate need for monitoring the fetus for signs of distress. While the loss of ability to determine fetal station can be a concern during labor, it is not the primary focus when a patient is at risk for uterine issues. Option C, "Bradycardia," and option D, "Late decelerations," are also incorrect as they represent specific fetal heart rate abnormalities that may occur but do not encompass the broader scope of monitoring the fetus for overall well-being in a patient at risk for uterine problems. Educationally, understanding the importance of fetal monitoring in high-risk situations during pregnancy is crucial for nurses caring for maternal newborn patients. It highlights the need for vigilant assessment and proactive intervention to ensure optimal outcomes for both the mother and the baby. By prioritizing fetal monitoring, nurses can enhance their ability to provide safe and effective care in challenging situations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of newborns at risk for hypoglycemia, being small for gestational age (SGA) is a significant risk factor. SGA infants often have limited glycogen stores and increased metabolic demands, predisposing them to hypoglycemia shortly after birth. This is due to their decreased energy reserves and potential for inadequate calorie intake. On the other hand, post-term newborns, large for gestational age (LGA) infants, and those born at 38 weeks gestation are not inherently at higher risk for hypoglycemia compared to SGA newborns. Post-term infants may have meconium aspiration or other complications but not necessarily hypoglycemia. LGA infants are more prone to birth injuries due to their size rather than hypoglycemia. A 38-week gestation newborn is considered term and typically has adequate glycogen stores and metabolic adaptation for extrauterine life. Educationally, understanding the risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia is crucial for healthcare providers involved in newborn care. Recognizing the vulnerability of SGA infants to hypoglycemia enables early identification, monitoring, and prompt intervention to prevent complications associated with low blood sugar levels in this population.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of maternal health, the leading cause of death in individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB) worldwide is cardiovascular disease (Option C). This is because pregnancy and the postpartum period are associated with physiological changes that can exacerbate pre-existing cardiovascular conditions or lead to the development of new ones. These changes, such as increased blood volume and heart rate, can put additional stress on the cardiovascular system, making AFAB individuals more susceptible to cardiovascular diseases. Breast cancer (Option A) is a significant health concern for AFAB individuals, but it is not the leading cause of death in this population. Stroke (Option B) and lung cancer (Option D) are also serious health conditions, but they are not as prevalent as cardiovascular disease in causing mortality among AFAB individuals, particularly in the maternal and newborn health context. Educationally, understanding the heightened risk of cardiovascular disease in AFAB individuals during pregnancy and the postpartum period is crucial for healthcare providers involved in maternal care. It underscores the importance of comprehensive prenatal care that includes cardiovascular risk assessment and management to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular-related maternal deaths.