In caring for a client with Parkinson disease, it would be most important to

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In caring for a client with Parkinson's disease, it is most important to choose option B) explain the nature and treatment of the disease. This is because education plays a crucial role in empowering individuals with Parkinson's disease to actively participate in managing their condition. Providing information about the disease helps the client understand the symptoms, progression, available treatments, and potential complications, enabling them to make informed decisions about their care. Option A) encouraging a low-residue diet is not the most important intervention for Parkinson's disease. While diet may play a role in overall health, it is not the priority when addressing the specific needs of a client with this condition. Option C) restricting fluid intake is not a recommended intervention for Parkinson's disease unless specifically indicated due to another medical condition. Hydration is generally important for overall health, and restrictions should be based on individual needs and medical reasons. Option D) providing a walker for ambulation may be beneficial for some clients with Parkinson's disease to assist with mobility, but it is not the most critical intervention compared to educating the client about the disease itself. Education about Parkinson's disease takes precedence in empowering the client to understand and manage their condition effectively. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind prioritizing education for individuals with Parkinson's disease emphasizes the importance of patient-centered care and promoting autonomy in managing their health. By providing comprehensive information about the disease, healthcare professionals support clients in making informed decisions and actively participating in their care, ultimately improving health outcomes and quality of life.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Elevate the foot of the entire bed. This nursing measure is appropriate to relieve pressure in the ischial area caused by the Thomas half-ring. Elevating the foot of the bed helps redistribute the patient's weight, reducing pressure on the ischial area where the Thomas half-ring is placed. This position helps in promoting blood flow and preventing pressure ulcers. Option A) Wash, dry, and powder the skin well is incorrect because while maintaining skin hygiene is important for overall skin health, it would not directly address the pressure in the ischial area. Option B) Increasing the weight on the rope suspending the ring is incorrect as it would exacerbate the pressure on the ischial area, causing more discomfort and potential harm to the patient. Option D) Raising the head to semi-Fowler position is incorrect as it would not effectively alleviate pressure on the ischial area. This position is more commonly used for respiratory or cardiac issues, not for relieving pressure in the ischial area. In an educational context, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the importance of proper positioning and pressure relief techniques in preventing complications such as pressure ulcers. By selecting the appropriate nursing measure, students can enhance their clinical reasoning skills and provide effective care to patients with positioning-related issues.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D ("I have been taking more aspirin lately") is the correct response indicating a possible cause for Mrs. Aster's complaint of ringing in her ears. Aspirin is known to cause tinnitus or ringing in the ears as a side effect. This response shows an understanding of the potential correlation between the increased intake of aspirin and the onset of the symptom. Option A ("I have been eating a lot of fruits lately") is incorrect as fruits are not typically associated with causing ringing in the ears. Option B ("I have been taking a vitamin supplement") is also incorrect because vitamin supplements are generally not linked to tinnitus. Option C ("I went to a loud jazz concert last night") may cause temporary hearing issues or ringing, but in this case, a prolonged symptom like tinnitus is less likely to be due to a single loud noise exposure. In an educational context, understanding the potential side effects of commonly used medications like aspirin is crucial for healthcare providers. This question highlights the importance of thorough patient history-taking and the need to consider medication-related causes when assessing symptoms. It also emphasizes the significance of patient education regarding medication side effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the most important goal for Mr. Sands in his nursing care plan would be to enhance self-concept (Option C). Mr. Sands is exhibiting signs of social withdrawal and isolation, which could be indicative of underlying psychological or emotional distress. By focusing on enhancing his self-concept, the nursing care plan can address his psychological well-being, self-esteem, and overall mental health. Option A, providing for solitude and rest, may exacerbate Mr. Sands' isolation and contribute to his withdrawal. It is important to strike a balance between allowing for personal time and promoting social interaction. Option B, protecting from temperature extremes, is not the most pressing issue in this case as it does not directly address Mr. Sands' emotional and psychological state. Option D, moving to a four-bed ward, does not address the underlying issue of social withdrawal and may not necessarily improve Mr. Sands' condition. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering the holistic needs of patients, including their psychological well-being, in addition to physical health. It emphasizes the role of nursing in promoting mental health and supporting patients in developing a positive self-concept. By understanding the rationale behind choosing the correct answer, nurses can better tailor care plans to meet the individual needs of each patient.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) All of the above. When caring for a patient with osteomyelitis, it is crucial to provide comprehensive education to ensure optimal outcomes post-discharge. A) The importance of completing the multiple-week treatment with antibiotics is essential to emphasize because osteomyelitis is a serious infection that requires a full course of antibiotics to eradicate the infection completely. Incomplete treatment can lead to treatment failure or recurrence of the infection. B) Teaching about the side effects and interactions of medications is important as it empowers the patient to monitor for and report any adverse effects promptly. Some antibiotics used to treat osteomyelitis can have significant side effects or interactions with other medications, so awareness is crucial for patient safety. C) Educating the patient about symptoms that necessitate contacting healthcare providers is vital for early intervention in case of complications. Prompt recognition of worsening symptoms such as increased pain, fever, or drainage from the affected area can prevent serious consequences and expedite appropriate medical management. Providing this holistic education not only supports the patient in managing their condition effectively but also promotes patient safety, adherence to treatment, and overall well-being. It empowers patients to be active participants in their care and enhances their understanding of the importance of following through with treatment recommendations.