In an effort to prevent drug abuse among junior high–school students, a public health nurse (PHN) has enlisted the assistance of high-school role models in the areas of both sports and scholarship for an antidrug presentation. What is the level of prevention represented by this activity?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. This activity targets junior high-school students who have not yet engaged in drug abuse, aiming to prevent drug abuse before it occurs. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of health problems by addressing risk factors. In this case, the use of role models to deliver an antidrug presentation is a proactive approach to educate and deter students from drug abuse. Summary: B: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of a problem. This activity is not focusing on those who are already using drugs. C: Tertiary prevention involves managing and treating existing health problems to prevent complications. This activity is not targeting students with existing drug abuse issues. D: This activity is solely focused on preventing drug abuse before it starts, making it a primary prevention strategy.

Correct Answer:

Rationale: Correct Answer: D: The client Rationale: 1. The client is the source of the communicable disease, making them the host. 2. The sick nurses contracted the disease from the client, making them the secondary hosts. 3. The hospital and individual sick nurses are not the primary hosts in this scenario. 4. The communicable disease is the agent causing the infection, not the host. Summary: A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the primary host in this scenario. The client is the host as they carry the communicable disease that infected the nurses.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nurse practitioner. In rural areas, access to specialized healthcare professionals like allergists and pulmonologists may be limited. Nurse practitioners are more likely to be available in rural settings, providing primary care services including asthma management. Pediatricians may also be scarce in rural areas, and they primarily focus on children's health. Nurse practitioners can provide holistic care for patients of all ages, making them more accessible and suitable for asthma management in rural communities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because case management is focused on providing individualized care to specific clients to address their unique needs and goals. Case management involves assessing, planning, coordinating, monitoring, and evaluating services to meet the client's needs effectively. In contrast, option A is incorrect because case management is not exclusive to health maintenance organizations. Option B is incorrect as case management can be applied to various populations, not just a specific segment. Option D is incorrect as it oversimplifies the role of case management, which goes beyond monitoring health status to encompass comprehensive care coordination.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: 1. The correct answer is A because the Ottawa Charter emphasizes health as an outcome of wellbeing. 2. Health is not just the absence of disease but a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. 3. This definition aligns with the holistic approach to health promotion in the Charter. 4. Choice B is incomplete and does not capture the comprehensive nature of health in the Charter. 5. Choice C contradicts the Charter's emphasis on maintaining health for overall well-being. 6. Choice D is too narrow and does not encompass the broader definition of health in the Charter.