In an effort to prevent drug abuse among junior high–school students, a public health nurse (PHN) has enlisted the assistance of high-school role models in the areas of both sports and scholarship for an antidrug presentation. What is the level of prevention represented by this activity?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. This activity is aimed at preventing drug abuse before it occurs by educating junior high-school students through role models. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of a health issue, in this case, drug abuse. High-school role models provide positive influence and guidance to deter drug use. Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention after the onset of a problem, while tertiary prevention aims to minimize the impact of an established health issue. Therefore, the activity described falls under primary prevention as it targets the prevention of drug abuse among junior high-school students before it becomes a problem.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates a misunderstanding of the concept of pastoral care. Pastoral care involves providing emotional and spiritual support, which can be done by anyone, not just a pastor. The other choices correctly reflect aspects of pastoral care by emphasizing spiritual strengths, focusing on the spiritual dimension of nursing, and providing support during various life situations. Therefore, involving only the pastor in ministering to the congregation limits the understanding of pastoral care to a specific role, rather than recognizing it as a holistic approach to supporting individuals in their spiritual and emotional needs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because giving a presentation on the importance of exercise and physical fitness aligns with secondary prevention strategies for obesity. This educational approach aims to raise awareness and promote healthy behaviors to prevent obesity rather than treating existing cases. It focuses on early intervention and educating children on healthy habits. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because designing a game or weighing students do not directly address preventive measures for obesity. Putting students on a diet without proper assessment or medical supervision can be harmful and is not recommended as a primary approach in a school setting.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The creation of the discipline of nursing by Florence Nightingale. Nightingale revolutionized healthcare by emphasizing hygiene, sanitation, and patient care standards during the Crimean War. This led to the professionalization of nursing and set the foundation for modern healthcare practices. B: The formation of sisterhoods by nuns who gave care, C: The establishment of the Sisters of Mercy in Dublin, and D: The formation of the Dames de la Charité by Saint Vincent de Paul, while important in the history of healthcare, did not have the same widespread impact or systematic change as Nightingale's work.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Multidisciplinary team. This type of team consists of members with diverse expertise who work independently but collaborate to make client-based decisions. Each member contributes their specialized knowledge to solve complex problems. In contrast, A: Intraprofessional teams consist of members within the same profession, limiting diversity. C: Interdisciplinary teams involve members blending their expertise to create a unified approach, rather than working independently like in the question. D: Interprofessional teams involve members from different professions working together on shared goals, which is not the same as working independently and coming together for client decisions as in the question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Home care. The Romanow Report highlighted the increasing demand and importance of home care services in community health care. This is due to the aging population and the shift towards providing care in the comfort of one's home. Home care allows individuals to receive necessary medical attention while maintaining independence. Community problems, immunization, and women's issues were not specifically identified as the most rapidly growing areas in the report, making them incorrect choices. Home care aligns with the focus on improving access to care and supporting individuals in their own environment, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because HPV warts can grow in areas not covered by a barrier like a condom, making prevention challenging. HPV is primarily transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, and condoms may not fully protect against transmission if the warts are in uncovered areas. Choice A is incorrect because HPV is mainly transmitted through skin contact, not all body fluids. Choice C is incorrect as it describes symptoms of a different condition, not HPV. Choice D is incorrect because HPV does not typically form vesicles that ulcerate within a day.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. This action focuses on preventing the occurrence of disease by educating the client on sterilizing needles to reduce the risk of infection and transmission of blood-borne diseases. This falls under primary prevention as it aims to stop the disease from occurring in the first place. Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of a disease to prevent its progression, which is not the focus here. Tertiary prevention involves managing the complications of a disease to prevent further deterioration, which is also not the focus in this scenario. The correct answer emphasizes the importance of addressing the root cause of the issue to prevent disease transmission.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (Family life-cycle stages) because the developmental assessment aspect of the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) focuses on understanding where the family stands in terms of its life-cycle stages. This involves assessing the family's developmental stage, transitions, and tasks. It helps in identifying the family's current needs and challenges based on their stage of development. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because: B: Instrumental and expressive functions refer to the functional aspects of the family system, not specifically related to developmental stages. C: Activities of everyday living pertain to the family's day-to-day routines and functioning, not necessarily related to developmental stages. D: Family strengths represent positive qualities and resources within the family but do not specifically address the developmental aspect of the family life cycle.