In an arrested child with ventricular fibrillation, the first maneuver to do immediately is

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Immediate defibrillation is the first-line treatment for ventricular fibrillation to restore normal rhythm. Delays in defibrillation significantly reduce survival rates.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Early onset is typically associated with a worse prognosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Acute weight gain is not a common sign in chronic heart failure in infancy; rather, poor weight gain and growth failure due to increased metabolic demand are more typical.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypoventilation, decreased breath-holding ability, ectopic beats, and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) are part of the physiological response to cold water immersion, but hypertension is not typically a component of cold water shock.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Folic acid deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia with macrocytosis, unlike conditions such as sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia, which cause microcytosis.