In an area where goitre is endemic which of the following drugs is used?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Iodide 1 part in 100000. In an area where goitre is endemic, iodide is used to treat iodine deficiency, which is a common cause of goitre. Iodide supplementation helps in restoring normal thyroid function by providing the necessary iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis. Propylthiouracil and Methimazole are used to treat hyperthyroidism, not goitre. Therefore, they are incorrect choices. Option D is incorrect because not all the choices can be used interchangeably for treating goitre.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because immunodeficiency refers to a disorder or deficiency in the normal immune response. This means that the immune system is not functioning properly, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and other health issues. Choice A describes inflammation, not immunodeficiency. Choice C describes autoimmune disease, which is different from immunodeficiency. Choice D is incorrect because not all the statements are related to immunodeficiency. In summary, the correct answer is B because it directly relates to a malfunction in the immune system, while the other choices describe different processes or conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because antienzymes are agents that inhibit or destroy enzymic activity. They can be inhibitory enzymes or antibodies that target specific enzymes. This definition aligns with the concept of antienzymes acting to retard or inhibit enzymatic activity. Choice B is incorrect because substances that prevent vitamins from exerting their effects are not related to antienzymes. Choice C describes enzymes, not antienzymes, which are the opposite in function. Choice D refers to coenzymes, which are required for enzyme activity, not antienzymes that inhibit or destroy enzymic activity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (D): 1. Aminoglutethimide is an aromatase inhibitor used in cancer therapy. 2. Aromatase inhibitors block the enzyme aromatase, which converts androgens to estrogens. 3. By inhibiting aromatase, aminoglutethimide reduces estrogen production, beneficial in hormone-sensitive cancers. 4. Physostigmine (A) is a cholinesterase inhibitor, Allopurinol (B) is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, and Aminocaproic acid (C) is an antifibrinolytic agent, not aromatase inhibitors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Probucol (Lorelco). Probucol blocks the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by inhibiting the formation of lipid peroxides. This is important in preventing the development of atherosclerosis. Lovastatin (A) works by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, Nicotinic acid (B) lowers LDL and triglycerides but does not specifically block oxidation, and Gemfibrozil (C) decreases triglyceride levels but does not directly block LDL oxidation.