ATI RN
Epidemiology Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In an analytical study, the main focus is on:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Analytical studies (B) test hypotheses (e.g., does smoking cause cancer?). A is descriptive, C is hypothesis generation, D is clinical.
Question 2 of 5
What is the primary limitation of a case-control study?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Case-control studies (C) risk recall bias from retrospective data (e.g., memory errors). A, B, and D are less primary.
Question 3 of 5
Which type of bias occurs when the selection of participants into a study is related to both the exposure and the outcome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Selection bias (A) occurs when entry relates to exposure and outcome (e.g., hospital-based controls). B is data error, C is recall, D is confounding.
Question 4 of 5
When a researcher deceives participants about the true nature of a study, they must:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Deception requires all (D): necessity (A), debriefing (B), and ethics approval (C) (e.g., Milgram’s study).
Question 5 of 5
What does a likelihood ratio of greater than 1 indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Likelihood ratio > 1 (B) means a positive result favors disease (e.g., LR+ = sensitivity / (1-specificity)). A, C, and D misinterpret.