ATI RN
Fundamentals Patient Safety and Wound Care Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In a trauma situation, it is acceptable to administer either normal saline or lactated Ringer's to your patient for volume replacement. What is the primary benefit of choosing lactated Ringer's?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because lactated Ringer's contains lactate, which is converted to bicarbonate in the body, helping to decrease acidosis in a hypovolemic patient. Normal saline does not have this buffering effect. A is incorrect because both solutions stay in the vascular system similarly. B is incorrect as neither solution carries red blood cells. D is incorrect as lactated Ringer's does not increase acidosis but helps decrease it.
Question 2 of 5
You are on the scene of a vehicle accident with entrapment. Why is it so important to ensure the battery has been disconnected before attempting to enter the vehicle or extricate the driver?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To ensure any undeployed airbags do not discharge and cause an injury to the patient or anyone involved. When a vehicle's battery is not disconnected before attempting to enter or extricate a driver, there is a risk that any undeployed airbags may still be active and could suddenly inflate, potentially causing harm to the patient or anyone involved in the extrication process. Disconnecting the battery eliminates the power source for the airbags, reducing the risk of unintended deployment. Choice A is incorrect because disconnecting the battery is not primarily done to prevent the vehicle from moving during extrication; other safety measures are in place for that purpose. Choice C is incorrect as the risk of electrocution is minimal if proper extrication procedures are followed. Choice D is incorrect because while a fire is a concern in vehicle accidents, disconnecting the battery is not specifically related to preventing fires in the passenger compartment during extrication.
Question 3 of 5
Principle of triage for 27 seriously injured in an aircraft accident:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why option D is correct: 1. Triage aims to maximize survivors with available resources. 2. Option D prioritizes producing the greatest number of survivors. 3. It aligns with the principle of maximizing outcomes in mass casualty situations. 4. Focusing on maximizing survivors helps allocate resources efficiently. 5. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not prioritize maximizing survivors and efficient resource utilization.
Question 4 of 5
For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury profound hypocarbia should be avoided to prevent:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion. Hypocarbia leads to vasoconstriction in cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow and potentially worsening brain injury. Respiratory alkalosis (A) is a consequence of hypocarbia but not the main concern. Metabolic acidosis (C) is not related to hypocarbia. Neurogenic pulmonary edema (D) is not directly caused by hypocarbia in traumatic brain injury.
Question 5 of 5
A 52-year-old woman sustaining 50% total body surface burns in an explosion. She has burns around the chest and both upper arms. Adequate resuscitation is initiate She is nasotracheally intubated and is being mechanically ventilate Her CarboxyHb level is 10%. Her arterial blood gas reveals PaO2 of 40mmHg, PaCO2 of 60mmHg, and pH of 7.25. Appropriate immediate management at the time is to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Ensure adequate tissue perfusion." In this scenario, the patient has inhalational injury with a high CarboxyHb level and severe respiratory acidosis on ABG. Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion is crucial to prevent further tissue damage and improve oxygen delivery to tissues. Increasing fluid resuscitation (B) may worsen the respiratory status. Adding PEEP (C) may be necessary but addressing tissue perfusion is more critical. Reassessing for pneumothorax (D) is important but not the immediate priority in this case.