In a family in which the mother and the father differ on how to spend and save money, the parents are constantly arguing with each other. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care for this couple?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Assist them to develop strategies that are congruent with their values. This intervention is crucial because it focuses on helping the couple align their financial decisions with their shared values, leading to better communication and cooperation. By working together to establish common goals and strategies, the parents can find a compromise that satisfies both parties and reduces conflicts. Option B) Allow each of them to defend his or her own values, may perpetuate the conflict by encouraging individualistic approaches rather than promoting collaboration and mutual understanding. This approach could further strain the relationship and hinder progress towards resolving their differences. Option C) Focus on outcomes that each wants to accomplish, while important, may not address the underlying issue of conflicting values that are causing the arguments. Simply focusing on outcomes without addressing the root cause may not lead to sustainable solutions. Option D) Divert their attention to areas in which they are successful, does not directly address the problem at hand. While celebrating successes is important, it does not provide a framework for addressing the financial disagreements that are impacting the couple's relationship. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of considering values and communication in resolving conflicts, especially in the context of family dynamics. By understanding how to assist individuals in aligning their actions with their beliefs, nurses can help promote healthier relationships and decision-making processes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Driving around the neighborhood. This option allows the nurse to physically immerse herself in the community, gaining firsthand experience and observations. By driving around, the nurse can assess the physical environment, note community resources, identify potential health risks, and observe local facilities such as schools and parks. This active approach provides a holistic understanding of the community's dynamics, which is essential for effective health promotion and maintenance strategies. Option B) Going door to door asking people about the community may not be the best initial approach as it can be intrusive and may not provide a comprehensive view of the community. It could also raise privacy concerns among residents. Option C) Searching online for population statistics is limited to numerical data and may not capture the true essence of the community. While statistics are important, they do not offer insights into the community's culture, social determinants of health, or specific needs. Option D) Talking to the police captain at the local police department may provide some insight into safety and security issues in the community, but it may not offer a well-rounded perspective on all aspects of the community relevant to health promotion and maintenance. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to engage with communities in a respectful and culturally sensitive manner. Understanding the community's unique characteristics, values, and challenges is fundamental to developing tailored health interventions and fostering collaborative relationships with community members. By actively exploring the community through methods like driving around, nurses can better advocate for their patients and promote health equity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Elimination pattern. When a nurse assesses a community's exposure to pollutants by examining contaminated soil, air, water, and food, they are focusing on the Elimination pattern of the community's functional health. This pattern includes the body's ability to excrete waste products effectively, which can be compromised by exposure to pollutants. By assessing the community's exposure to pollutants in various environmental sources, the nurse is evaluating the impact on the elimination processes within the community members. Option A) Nutritional-metabolic pattern is incorrect because it pertains to the body's intake of nutrients and how they are metabolized for energy, growth, and function. While pollutants can indirectly affect nutritional status, the primary focus in this scenario is not on the intake or metabolism of nutrients. Option C) Health-perception–health management pattern is incorrect as it involves an individual's perception of their health and how they manage it. While exposure to pollutants can influence health perception and management, the question specifically refers to assessing the community's exposure rather than individual perceptions or management. Option D) Values-beliefs pattern is incorrect as it relates to an individual's values, beliefs, and goals that influence their health behavior. Assessing exposure to pollutants in the community does not directly address the values and beliefs of community members but rather focuses on the physical impact of pollutants on health. Understanding how environmental factors impact health is crucial for nurses to promote health and prevent illness in communities. Assessing the Elimination pattern in this context helps nurses identify potential risks and develop interventions to mitigate the effects of environmental pollutants on the community's health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Independent function. The nurse is demonstrating an independent function by implementing and evaluating the smoking cessation program for teenagers without needing direct supervision or orders from a physician. This aligns with the nurse's autonomy in promoting health and well-being within the community. Option A) Codependent function is incorrect because it implies a mutual reliance between healthcare providers, which is not the case in this situation. Option C) Interdependent function involves collaboration among healthcare team members, which is not the primary focus of the nurse's role in implementing and evaluating the program independently. Option D) Dependent function suggests that the nurse is relying on a physician's directives, which is not the case here. From an educational perspective, understanding the different functions of nursing practice is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. By recognizing the nurse's role in health promotion and disease prevention, students can appreciate the autonomy and responsibility that come with implementing community-based programs like smoking cessation initiatives. This question highlights the importance of nurses taking initiative in public health efforts to improve outcomes in the community.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Quantity of life. When examining the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of colon cancer in the community, the focus is on the length of life or the quantity of life affected by the disease. This measure looks at how many individuals are affected by colon cancer in terms of survival rates and life expectancy. Option A) Quality adjusted life year (QALY) would not be the appropriate measure in this context because it assesses both the quality and quantity of life lived with a particular condition. It incorporates the impact of the disease on quality of life, which is not the primary focus of the question. Option C) Disability adjusted life year (DALY) is a measure that combines years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with a disability. While it is a valuable measure in public health, it does not specifically address the investigation of incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of colon cancer. Option D) Satisfaction of life is not a recognized measure in epidemiology or health promotion. It does not provide a quantifiable or standardized way to assess the impact of colon cancer on a population. Understanding these different measures of life is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals to accurately assess the impact of diseases on populations and tailor health promotion and prevention strategies effectively.