ATI RN
Epidemiology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In a case-control study, what is the main outcome measure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Case-control studies use odds ratio (C) to measure association (e.g., odds of exposure in cases vs. controls). A and D are cohort measures, B is cross-sectional.
Question 2 of 5
What is the main advantage of a prospective cohort study?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prospective cohorts (B) track incidence and temporality (e.g., exposure before disease). A, C, and D are false.
Question 3 of 5
What type of bias is introduced by differential recall of past exposures by cases and controls?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recall bias (C) occurs when cases recall exposures differently than controls (e.g., cancer patients over-reporting). A is selection, B is broad, D is confounding.
Question 4 of 5
Which ethical principle is primarily concerned with protecting participants' privacy and confidentiality?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy (B) includes privacy and consent rights (e.g., confidentiality). A is fairness, C is benefit, D is harm avoidance.
Question 5 of 5
What is the purpose of using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve in diagnostic testing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ROC curves (B) plot sensitivity vs. 1-specificity to assess discrimination (e.g., test accuracy). A, C, and D are unrelated.