ATI RN
Muscular System Test Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
In 1901, Wilhelm Röntgen was the first person to win the Nobel Prize for physics. For what discovery did he win?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Röntgen won the 1901 Nobel for discovering X-rays, electromagnetic waves revealing internal structures (e.g., bones), revolutionizing medicine. Nuclear physics was later, radiopharmaceuticals involve isotopes, radiation-cancer link wasn't his focus. X-rays' impact, per history, makes 'd' correct.
Question 2 of 5
When the patient asks what the purpose of goniometry is, the nurse replies that goniometry measures:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Goniometry is a clinical tool used to assess joint mobility, specifically the extent to which a joint can move through its normal range. This measurement is critical in evaluating conditions affecting joints, such as arthritis or post-injury stiffness, and in tracking rehabilitation progress. Bone strength relates more to density and structural integrity, typically assessed via imaging like a DEXA scan, not goniometry. Muscle density isn't a standard metric in this context and is unrelated to joint angles. Muscle strength, while important, is measured through manual testing or dynamometry, not by gauging joint movement. Range of motion is the precise focus of goniometry, as it quantifies the degrees of flexion, extension, or rotation, providing objective data for treatment planning. The other options misalign with the tool's purpose, which is rooted in joint function rather than bone or muscle properties.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is instructing the patient on quadriceps and gluteal muscle exercises. The instructions will include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Quadriceps and gluteal exercises target thigh and buttock strength, often used in rehabilitation. Straightening the leg and tensing muscles while raising the heel (quadriceps setting) contracts the quadriceps against gravity, and gluteal engagement occurs when squeezing the buttocks, both doable lying down. Flexing the leg and pulling it back with hands targets hamstrings and hip flexors, not primarily quadriceps or glutes. Straightening legs and knees is vague and incomplete without specifying tension or lifting, lacking the active contraction needed. The first method effectively isolates and strengthens the intended muscle groups, promoting stability and recovery, especially post-injury or surgery, with clear, executable steps.
Question 4 of 5
A patient at risk for the development of osteoporosis has reported plans to increase calcium intake. When making menu choices, which selection demonstrates an understanding of calcium-rich foods?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium-rich foods are vital for osteoporosis prevention, and dairy like milk is a primary source, alongside certain fish like salmon, which contains bones rich in calcium when grilled or canned. Green beans add nutrients but little calcium. This combo maximizes intake effectively. Hamburger with milk offers calcium from milk, but the patty and chips contribute minimally. Chicken and salad with fruit punch lack significant calcium, as punch isn't a source. The BLT with milk provides calcium from milk, but bacon and tomatoes don't add much. Salmon and milk together demonstrate a stronger understanding of boosting calcium through diverse, potent sources, aligning with bone health goals.
Question 5 of 5
The assessment made by the nurse caring for a patient just returned from surgery following a surgical decompression of the carpal tunnel that would require immediate remedy is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-carpal tunnel surgery, normal recovery includes some swelling and pain, but a capillary refill of 8 seconds far beyond the normal 2-3 seconds signals impaired circulation, possibly from tight dressings or hematoma, demanding urgent action to prevent tissue damage. Swollen, warm fingers are expected initially and monitored, not immediately alarming. Pain is typical post-op and managed with medication. Rosy fingers suggest good blood flow, not a problem. Delayed refill stands out as a critical vascular issue, requiring prompt intervention like loosening bandages or notifying the surgeon to restore perfusion.